Numbers 21:1 בְּמִדְבַּר

Who acts: Canaanite, Israel · What happens: dwell, hear, tell, come, fight, take · To what, where: South, some · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Numbers 21:1 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Canaanite, Israel — and what happens in the verse to South, some, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 36 chapters of Numbers on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיִּשְׁמַ֞ע הַכְּנַעֲנִ֤י מֶֽלֶךְ־עֲרָד֙ יֹשֵׁ֣ב הַנֶּ֔גֶב כִּ֚י בָּ֣א יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל דֶּ֖רֶךְ הָאֲתָרִ֑ים וַיִּלָּ֙חֶם֙ בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וַיִּ֥שְׁבְּ ׀ מִמֶּ֖נּוּ שֶֽׁבִי׃

And the Canaanite, the king of Arad, who dwelt in the South, heard tell that Israel came by the way of Atharim; and he fought against Israel, and took some of them captive.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יִּשְׁמַ֞ע	cc	and
2	יִּשְׁמַ֞ע	שָׁמַע	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he heard
3	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	4 כְּנַעֲנִ֤י	det	the
4	כְּנַעֲנִ֤י	כְּנַעֲנִי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 יִּשְׁמַ֞ע	nsubj	Canaanite
5	מֶֽלֶךְ־	מֶלֶךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	4 כְּנַעֲנִ֤י	appos	the king
6	עֲרָד֙	עֲרָד	PROPN	_	5 מֶֽלֶךְ־	compound:smixut	of Arad
7	יֹשֵׁ֣ב	יָשַׁב	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	4 כְּנַעֲנִ֤י	appos	[who] dwelt
8	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	9 נֶּ֔גֶב	det	the
9	נֶּ֔גֶב	נֶגֶב	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	7 יֹשֵׁ֣ב	obl	Negev
10	כִּ֚י	כִּי	SCONJ	_	11 בָּ֣א	mark	(dm) that
11	בָּ֣א	בּוֹא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יִּשְׁמַ֞ע	ccomp	it had come
12	יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל	יִשְׂרָאֵל	PROPN	_	11 בָּ֣א	nsubj	Israel
13	דֶּ֖רֶךְ	דֶּרֶךְ	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 בָּ֣א	obl	the way
14	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	15 אֲתָרִ֑ים	det	of
15	אֲתָרִ֑ים	אֲתָרִים	PROPN	_	13 דֶּ֖רֶךְ	compound:smixut	the Atharim
16	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	17 יִּלָּ֙חֶם֙	cc	and
17	יִּלָּ֙חֶם֙	לָחַם	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יִּשְׁמַ֞ע	conj	he engaged in battle
18	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	19 יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל	case	against
19	יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל	יִשְׂרָאֵל	PROPN	_	17 יִּלָּ֙חֶם֙	obl	Israel
20	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	21 יִּ֥שְׁבְּ	cc	and
21	יִּ֥שְׁבְּ	שָׁבָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יִּשְׁמַ֞ע	conj	he took captive
22	׀	׀	PUNCT	_	21 יִּ֥שְׁבְּ	punct
23	מִמּ	מִן	ADP	_	24 ֶ֖נּוּ	case	some
24	ֶ֖נּוּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	21 יִּ֥שְׁבְּ	obl	of it
25	שֶֽׁבִי	שְׁבִי	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 יִּ֥שְׁבְּ	obj	captive[s]
26	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	25 שֶֽׁבִי	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יִּשְׁמַע he heard	wayyiqtol · qal	כְּנַעֲנִי Canaanite	בָּא it had come
יֹשֵׁב [who] dwelt	participle active · qal	כְּנַעֲנִי Canaanite
בָּא it had come	qatal · qal	יִשְׂרָאֵל Israel
יִּלָּחֶם he engaged in battle	wayyiqtol · niphal	כְּנַעֲנִי Canaanite
יִּשְׁבְּ he took captive	wayyiqtol · qal	כְּנַעֲנִי Canaanite	שֶֽׁבִי captive[s]

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

וּשְׁמַע כְּנַעֲנָאָה מַלְכָּא דַעֲרָד יָתֵיב דָרוֹמָא אֲרֵי אֲתָא יִשְׂרָאֵל אֹרַח מְאַלְלַיָא וְאַגַח קְרָבָא בְּיִשְׂרָאֵל וּשְׁבָא מִנֵיהּ שִׁבְיָא

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And the Canaanite, the king of Arad, who dwelt in the South, heard tell that Israel came by the way of Atharim; and he fought against Israel, and took some of them captive.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:NUM:736.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM.21.1/