Numbers 35:21 בְּמִדְבַּר

Who acts: murderer, avenger · What happens: smite, die, put, be, meet · To what, where: murderer, enmity, avenger

This is Numbers 35:21 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — murderer, avenger — and what happens in the verse to murderer, enmity, avenger, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 36 chapters of Numbers on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

א֣וֹ בְאֵיבָ֞ה הִכָּ֤הוּ בְיָדוֹ֙ וַיָּמֹ֔ת מֽוֹת־יוּמַ֥ת הַמַּכֶּ֖ה רֹצֵ֣חַֽ ה֑וּא גֹּאֵ֣ל הַדָּ֗ם יָמִ֛ית אֶת־הָרֹצֵ֖חַ בְּפִגְעוֹ־בֽוֹ׃

or in enmity smote him with his hand, that he died; he that smote him shall surely be put to death: he is a murderer; the avenger of blood shall put the murderer to death when he meeteth him.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	א֣וֹ	אוֹ	CCONJ	_	4 הִכָּ֤ה	cc	or
2	בְ	בְּ	ADP	_	3 אֵיבָ֞ה	case	in
3	אֵיבָ֞ה	אֵיבָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	4 הִכָּ֤ה	obl	enmity
4	הִכָּ֤ה	נָכָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he
5	וּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 הִכָּ֤ה	obj	struck him down
6	בְ	בְּ	ADP	_	7 יָד	case	with
7	יָד	יָד	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 הִכָּ֤ה	obl	hand
8	וֹ֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 יָד	nmod:poss	his
9	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	10 יָּמֹ֔ת	cc	and
10	יָּמֹ֔ת	מוּת	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	4 הִכָּ֤ה	conj	he died
11	מֽוֹת־	מוּת	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	12 יוּמַ֥ת	obl:npmod	surely (die)
12	יוּמַ֥ת	מוּת	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HOPHAL Number=Sing Person=3	4 הִכָּ֤ה	parataxis	he will be put to death
13	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	14 מַּכֶּ֖ה	det	the [one
14	מַּכֶּ֖ה	נָכָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing	12 יוּמַ֥ת	nsubj	who] struck down
15	רֹצֵ֣חַֽ	רָצַח	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	4 הִכָּ֤ה	parataxis	[is] a killer
16	ה֑וּא	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 רֹצֵ֣חַֽ	nsubj	he
17	גֹּאֵ֣ל	גָּאַל	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	20 יָמִ֛ית	nsubj	the avenger
18	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	19 דָּ֗ם	det	of (the)
19	דָּ֗ם	דָּם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	17 גֹּאֵ֣ל	compound:smixut	blood
20	יָמִ֛ית	מוּת	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3	4 הִכָּ֤ה	parataxis	he will put to death
21	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	23 רֹצֵ֖חַ	case	(et)
22	הָ	הַ	SCONJ	_	23 רֹצֵ֖חַ	mark	the
23	רֹצֵ֖חַ	רָצַח	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	20 יָמִ֛ית	obj	killer
24	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	25 פִגְע	case	when
25	פִגְע	פָּגַע	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	20 יָמִ֛ית	advcl	meets
26	וֹ־	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	25 פִגְע	nsubj	he
27	ב	בְּ	ADP	_	28 ֽוֹ	case	(in)
28	ֽוֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	25 פִגְע	obl	him
29	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	28 ֽוֹ	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	who makes it happen (AA)
הִכָּה he	qatal · hiphil		וּ struck him down
יָּמֹת he died	wayyiqtol · qal
יוּמַת he will be put to death	yiqtol · hophal		מַּכֶּה who] struck down
מַּכֶּה who] struck down	participle active · hiphil
גֹּאֵל the avenger	participle active · qal		דָּם blood
יָמִית he will put to death	yiqtol · hiphil	רֹצֵחַ killer		גֹּאֵל the avenger
פִגְע meets	infinitive construct · qal	וֹ־ he

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

אוֹ בִדְבָבוּ מְחָהִי בִידֵהּ וְקָטְלֵהּ אִתְקְטָלָא יִתְקְטֵל מַחְיָא קָטוֹלָא הוּא גָאֵל דְמָא יִקְטוֹל יָת קָטוֹלָא כַּד אִתְחַיֵב לֵיהּ מִן דִינָא

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

or in enmity smote him with his hand, that he died; he that smote him shall surely be put to death: he is a murderer; the avenger of blood shall put the murderer to death when he meeteth him.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:NUM:1262.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM.35.21/