Deuteronomy 1:28 · JPS 1917

Whither are we going up? our brethren have made our heart to melt, saying: The people is greater and taller than we; the cities are great and fortified up to heaven; and moreover we have seen the sons of the Anakim there.'

Who acts: we, brethren, heart, people, cities · What happens: go up, make, melt, say, be, fortify up · To what, where: heart, sons · Speech: someone speaks here

This is Deuteronomy 1:28 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (we, brethren, heart, people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Whither	whither	ADV	PronType=Int	4 going	advmod
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 going	aux
3	we	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	4 going	nsubj
4	going	go	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
5	up	up	ADV	_	4 going	advmod
6	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 going	punct
7	our	our	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 brethren	nmod:poss
8	brethren	brethren	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 made	nsubj
9	have	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 made	aux
10	made	make	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	4 going	parataxis
11	our	our	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	12 heart	nmod:poss
12	heart	heart	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 made	obj
13	to	to	PART	_	14 melt	mark
14	melt	melt	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	10 made	xcomp
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 saying	punct
16	saying	say	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	10 made	advcl
17	:	:	PUNCT	_	21 greater	punct
18	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	19 people	det
19	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	21 greater	nsubj
20	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	21 greater	cop
21	greater	great	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	16 saying	ccomp
22	and	and	CCONJ	_	23 taller	cc
23	taller	tall	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	21 greater	conj
24	than	than	ADP	_	25 we	case
25	we	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	21 greater	obl
26	;	;	PUNCT	_	30 great	punct
27	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	28 cities	det
28	cities	city	NOUN	Number=Plur	30 great	nsubj
29	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	30 great	cop
30	great	great	ADJ	Degree=Pos	21 greater	parataxis
31	and	and	CCONJ	_	32 fortified	cc
32	fortified	fortify	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	30 great	conj
33	up	up	ADV	_	32 fortified	advmod
34	to	to	ADP	_	35 heaven	case
35	heaven	heaven	NOUN	Number=Sing	32 fortified	obl
36	;	;	PUNCT	_	41 seen	punct
37	and	and	CCONJ	_	41 seen	cc
38	moreover	moreover	ADV	_	41 seen	advmod
39	we	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	41 seen	nsubj
40	have	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	41 seen	aux
41	seen	see	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	30 great	conj
42	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	43 sons	det
43	sons	son	NOUN	Number=Plur	41 seen	obj
44	of	of	ADP	_	46 Anakim	case
45	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	46 Anakim	det
46	Anakim	Anakim	PROPN	Number=Sing	43 sons	nmod
47	there	there	ADV	PronType=Dem	41 seen	advmod
48	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 going	punct
49	'	'	PUNCT	_	4 going	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	go up	present · progressive	we			whither property	vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute
2	make	present · perfect	our brethren	our heart			tree rules
3	melt	to-infinitive	our heart not said here				vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
4	say speech: assert	gerund	our brethren not said here				vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
5	is	present	the people			than we; great property	tree rules
6	be		the people not said here				tree rules
7	is	present	the cities			great property	tree rules
8	fortify up	participle	the cities not said here			to heaven	vn equip-13.4.2-1-1 «NP.theme V NP»: agent=Theme
9	see	present · perfect	we	the sons of the Anakim	there	moreover property	vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer son=Stimulus

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The Hebrew of this verse

אָנָ֣ה ׀ אֲנַ֣חְנוּ עֹלִ֗ים אַחֵינוּ֩ הֵמַ֨סּוּ אֶת־לְבָבֵ֜נוּ לֵאמֹ֗ר עַ֣ם גָּד֤וֹל וָרָם֙ מִמֶּ֔נּוּ עָרִ֛ים גְּדֹלֹ֥ת וּבְצוּרֹ֖ת בַּשָּׁמָ֑יִם וְגַם־בְּנֵ֥י עֲנָקִ֖ים רָאִ֥ינוּ שָֽׁם׃

Deuteronomy 1:28: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →

Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:DEU:27 of Mova's parse database.

The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/DEU.27/