Deuteronomy 14:21 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2
Ye shall not eat of any thing that dieth of itself; thou mayest give it unto the stranger that is within thy gates, that he may eat it; or thou mayest sell it unto a foreigner; for thou art a holy people unto the LORD thy God.
Who acts: Ye, thing, thou, stranger, falcon · What happens: not eat, die, give, be, eat, sell · To what, where: thing, holy people
This is Deuteronomy 14:21 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ye, thing, thou, stranger), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ye | ye | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 4 eat | nsubj |
| 2 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 4 eat | aux |
| 3 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 4 eat | advmod |
| 4 | eat | eat | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 5 | of | of | ADP | _ | 7 thing | case |
| 6 | any | any | DET | PronType=Ind | 7 thing | det |
| 7 | thing | thing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 eat | obl |
| 8 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 9 dieth | nsubj |
| 9 | dieth | die | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 thing | acl:relcl |
| 10 | of | of | ADP | _ | 11 itself | case |
| 11 | itself | itself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 9 dieth | obl |
| 12 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 15 give | punct |
| 13 | thou | thou | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 15 give | nsubj |
| 14 | mayest | may | AUX | Style=Arch VerbForm=Fin | 15 give | aux |
| 15 | give | give | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 eat | parataxis |
| 16 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 give | obj |
| 17 | unto | unto | ADP | _ | 19 stranger | case |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 stranger | det |
| 19 | stranger | stranger | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 give | obl |
| 20 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 24 gates | nsubj |
| 21 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 24 gates | cop |
| 22 | within | within | ADP | _ | 24 gates | case |
| 23 | thy | thy | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 24 gates | nmod:poss |
| 24 | gates | gate | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 stranger | acl:relcl |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 eat | punct |
| 26 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 29 eat | mark |
| 27 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 29 eat | nsubj |
| 28 | may | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 29 eat | aux |
| 29 | eat | eat | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 15 give | advcl |
| 30 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 29 eat | obj |
| 31 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 35 sell | punct |
| 32 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 35 sell | cc |
| 33 | thou | thou | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 35 sell | nsubj |
| 34 | mayest | may | AUX | Style=Arch VerbForm=Fin | 35 sell | aux |
| 35 | sell | sell | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 15 give | conj |
| 36 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 35 sell | obj |
| 37 | unto | unto | ADP | _ | 39 foreigner | case |
| 38 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 39 foreigner | det |
| 39 | foreigner | foreigner | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 sell | obl |
| 40 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 46 people | punct |
| 41 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 46 people | mark |
| 42 | thou | thou | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 46 people | nsubj |
| 43 | art | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 46 people | cop |
| 44 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 46 people | det |
| 45 | holy | holy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 46 people | amod |
| 46 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 eat | parataxis |
| 47 | unto | unto | ADP | _ | 49 LORD | case |
| 48 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 49 LORD | det |
| 49 | LORD | LORD | PROPN | Number=Sing | 46 people | nmod |
| 50 | thy | thy | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 51 God | nmod:poss |
| 51 | God | God | PROPN | Number=Sing | 49 LORD | appos |
| 52 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 eat | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- warn
- voice
- character
- polarity
- neg
- teacher
- changed act=warn, voice=character
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not eat | shall | Ye | of any thing | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V PP.source»: agent=Agent of thing=Source | ||||
| 2 | die | present | any thing | of thing | vn die-42.4-1 «NP V PP.cause»: agent=Patient of itself=Causer | ||||
| 3 | give | may | thou | thing | unto the stranger | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme | |||
| 4 | is | present | the stranger | within thy gates | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | eat | may | falcon | thing | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient | ||||
| 6 | sell | may | thou | thing | unto a foreigner | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme | |||
| 7 | is a | present | thou | a holy people | unto the LORD | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
לֹ֣א תֹאכְל֣וּ כָל־נְ֠בֵלָה לַגֵּ֨ר אֲשֶׁר־בִּשְׁעָרֶ֜יךָ תִּתְּנֶ֣נָּה וַאֲכָלָ֗הּ א֤וֹ מָכֹר֙ לְנָכְרִ֔י כִּ֣י עַ֤ם קָדוֹשׁ֙ אַתָּ֔ה לַיהוָ֖ה אֱלֹהֶ֑יךָ לֹֽא־תְבַשֵּׁ֥ל גְּדִ֖י בַּחֲלֵ֥ב אִמּֽוֹ׃פ
Deuteronomy 14:21: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →
This verse in JPS 1917:
- Ye shall not eat of any thing that dieth of itself; thou mayest give it unto the stranger that is within thy gates, that he may eat it; or thou mayest sell it unto a foreigner; for thou art a holy people unto the LORD thy God.
- Thou shalt not seethe a kid in its mother's milk.
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:DEU:422 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/DEU.422/