Deuteronomy 22:4 · JPS 1917
Thou shalt not see thy brother's ass or his ox fallen down by the way, and hide thyself from them; thou shalt surely help him to lift them up again.
Who acts: Thou, ass, brother · What happens: not see, fall down, hide, help, lift up · To what, where: ass, thyself, brother, ox
This is Deuteronomy 22:4 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Thou, ass, brother), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Thou | thou | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 4 see | nsubj |
| 2 | shalt | shall | AUX | Style=Arch VerbForm=Fin | 4 see | aux |
| 3 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 4 see | advmod |
| 4 | see | see | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 5 | thy | thy | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 6 brother | nmod:poss |
| 6 | brother | brother | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 ass | nmod:poss |
| 7 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 6 brother | case |
| 8 | ass | ass | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 see | obj |
| 9 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 11 ox | cc |
| 10 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 11 ox | nmod:poss |
| 11 | ox | ox | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 ass | conj |
| 12 | fallen | fall | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 see | xcomp |
| 13 | down | down | ADV | _ | 12 fallen | advmod |
| 14 | by | by | ADP | _ | 16 way | case |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 way | det |
| 16 | way | way | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 fallen | obl |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 hide | punct |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 hide | cc |
| 19 | hide | hide | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 see | conj |
| 20 | thyself | thyself | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes Style=Arch | 19 hide | obj |
| 21 | from | from | ADP | _ | 22 them | case |
| 22 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 hide | obl |
| 23 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 27 help | punct |
| 24 | thou | thou | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 27 help | nsubj |
| 25 | shalt | shall | AUX | Style=Arch VerbForm=Fin | 27 help | aux |
| 26 | surely | surely | ADV | _ | 27 help | advmod |
| 27 | help | help | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 see | parataxis |
| 28 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 27 help | obj |
| 29 | to | to | PART | _ | 30 lift | mark |
| 30 | lift | lift | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 27 help | xcomp |
| 31 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 30 lift | obj |
| 32 | up | up | ADP | _ | 30 lift | compound:prt |
| 33 | again | again | ADV | _ | 30 lift | advmod |
| 34 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 see | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- request
- voice
- character
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed act=request, voice=character
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not see | shall | Thou | thy brother's ass or brother's ox | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | fall down | participle | thy brother's ass or brother's ox not said here | by the way; down property | vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme by way=Location | ||||
| 3 | hide | infinitive | Thou not said here | thyself | from ox | vn concealment-16-1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent thyself=Patient from they=Beneficiary | |||
| 4 | help | shall | thou | brother | surely property | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent he=Beneficiary clause=Theme | |||
| 5 | lift up | to-infinitive | brother not said here | ox | again | vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
לֹא־תִרְאֶה֩ אֶת־חֲמ֨וֹר אָחִ֜יךָ א֤וֹ שׁוֹרוֹ֙ נֹפְלִ֣ים בַּדֶּ֔רֶךְ וְהִתְעַלַּמְתָּ֖ מֵהֶ֑ם הָקֵ֥ם תָּקִ֖ים עִמּֽוֹ׃ס
Deuteronomy 22:4: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:DEU:588 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/DEU.588/