Deuteronomy 25:3 · JPS 1917
Forty stripes he may give him, he shall not exceed; lest, if he should exceed, and beat him above these with many stripes, then thy brother should be dishonoured before thine eyes.
Who acts: he · What happens: give, not exceed, exceed, beat, dishonour · To what, where: Forty stripes, him, these, brother
This is Deuteronomy 25:3 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (he), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Forty | forty | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 2 stripes | nummod |
| 2 | stripes | stripe | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 exceed | obj |
| 3 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 give | nsubj |
| 4 | may | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 5 give | aux |
| 5 | give | give | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 2 stripes | acl:relcl |
| 6 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 give | iobj |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 exceed | punct |
| 8 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 exceed | nsubj |
| 9 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 11 exceed | aux |
| 10 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 11 exceed | advmod |
| 11 | exceed | exceed | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 12 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 34 dishonoured | punct |
| 13 | lest | lest | SCONJ | _ | 34 dishonoured | mark |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 exceed | punct |
| 15 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 18 exceed | mark |
| 16 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 18 exceed | nsubj |
| 17 | should | should | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 18 exceed | aux |
| 18 | exceed | exceed | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 34 dishonoured | advcl |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 beat | punct |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 beat | cc |
| 21 | beat | beat | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 18 exceed | conj |
| 22 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 21 beat | obj |
| 23 | above | above | ADP | _ | 24 these | case |
| 24 | these | this | PRON | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 21 beat | obl |
| 25 | with | with | ADP | _ | 27 stripes | case |
| 26 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 stripes | amod |
| 27 | stripes | stripe | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 beat | obl |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 dishonoured | punct |
| 29 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 34 dishonoured | advmod |
| 30 | thy | thy | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 31 brother | nmod:poss |
| 31 | brother | brother | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 dishonoured | nsubj:pass |
| 32 | should | should | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 34 dishonoured | aux |
| 33 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 34 dishonoured | aux:pass |
| 34 | dishonoured | dishonour | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 11 exceed | advcl |
| 35 | before | before | ADP | _ | 37 eyes | case |
| 36 | thine | thy | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 37 eyes | nmod:poss |
| 37 | eyes | eye | NOUN | Number=Plur | 34 dishonoured | obl |
| 38 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 11 exceed | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- warn
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed act=warn
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | give | may | he | Forty stripes not said here | him = he | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme | |||
| 2 | not exceed | shall | he | Forty stripes | vn exceed-90 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot stripe=Theme | ||||
| 3 | exceed a condition, not said to happen | should | he | vn exceed-90 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot | |||||
| 4 | beat | infinitive | he not said here | him = he | these | with many stripes | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent he=Patient with stripe=Instrument | ||
| 5 | dishonour | should · passive | thy brother | before thine eyes; then | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Experiencer |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
אַרְבָּעִ֥ים יַכֶּ֖נּוּ לֹ֣א יֹסִ֑יף פֶּן־יֹסִ֨יף לְהַכֹּת֤וֹ עַל־אֵ֙לֶּה֙ מַכָּ֣ה רַבָּ֔ה וְנִקְלָ֥ה אָחִ֖יךָ לְעֵינֶֽיךָ׃ס
Deuteronomy 25:3: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:DEU:664 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/DEU.664/