Exodus 5:14 · JPS 1917
And the officers of the children of Israel, whom Pharaoh's taskmasters had set over them, were beaten, saying: 'Wherefore have ye not fulfilled your appointed task in making brick both yesterday and today as heretofore?'
Who acts: taskmasters, ye, your · What happens: set, beat, say, not fulfil, make, task · To what, where: officers, appointed task, brick · Speech: someone speaks here
This is Exodus 5:14 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (taskmasters, ye, your), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 beaten | cc |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 officers | det |
| 3 | officers | officer | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 beaten | nsubj:pass |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 6 children | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 children | det |
| 6 | children | child | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 officers | nmod |
| 7 | of | of | ADP | _ | 8 Israel | case |
| 8 | Israel | Israel | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 children | nmod |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 set | punct |
| 10 | whom | whom | PRON | PronType=Rel | 15 set | obj |
| 11 | Pharaoh | Pharaoh | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 taskmasters | nmod:poss |
| 12 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 11 Pharaoh | case |
| 13 | taskmasters | taskmaster | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 set | nsubj |
| 14 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 15 set | aux |
| 15 | set | set | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 3 officers | acl:relcl |
| 16 | over | over | ADP | _ | 17 them | case |
| 17 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 set | obl |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 set | punct |
| 19 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 20 beaten | aux:pass |
| 20 | beaten | beat | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 saying | punct |
| 22 | saying | say | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 20 beaten | advcl |
| 23 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 29 fulfilled | punct |
| 24 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 29 fulfilled | punct |
| 25 | Wherefore | wherefore | ADV | PronType=Int | 29 fulfilled | advmod |
| 26 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 29 fulfilled | aux |
| 27 | ye | ye | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 29 fulfilled | nsubj |
| 28 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 29 fulfilled | advmod |
| 29 | fulfilled | fulfil | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 22 saying | ccomp |
| 30 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 32 task | nmod:poss |
| 31 | appointed | appoint | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 32 task | amod |
| 32 | task | task | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 fulfilled | obj |
| 33 | in | in | SCONJ | _ | 34 making | mark |
| 34 | making | make | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 29 fulfilled | advcl |
| 35 | brick | brick | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 making | obj |
| 36 | both | both | CCONJ | _ | 37 yesterday | cc:preconj |
| 37 | yesterday | yesterday | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 making | obl:unmarked |
| 38 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 39 today | cc |
| 39 | today | today | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 yesterday | conj |
| 40 | as | as | ADP | _ | 41 heretofore | case |
| 41 | heretofore | heretofore | ADV | _ | 37 yesterday | conj |
| 42 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 29 fulfilled | punct |
| 43 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 29 fulfilled | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- wh-question
- act
- ask
- voice
- character
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | set | past · perfect | Pharaoh's taskmasters | the officers of the children of Israel | over officers = officer | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent whom=Theme over they=Destination | |||
| 2 | beat | past · passive | the officers of the children of Israel | vn sound_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Theme | |||||
| 3 | say speech: assert | gerund | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||||
| 4 | not fulfil | present · perfect | ye | your appointed task | wherefore property | tree rules | |||
| 5 | make | gerund | ye not said here | brick | yesterday | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset brick=Product | |||
| 6 | task | your | nom task «act transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וַיֻּכּ֗וּ שֹֽׁטְרֵי֙ בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל אֲשֶׁר־שָׂ֣מוּ עֲלֵהֶ֔ם נֹגְשֵׂ֥י פַרְעֹ֖ה לֵאמֹ֑ר מַדּ֡וּעַ לֹא֩ כִלִּיתֶ֨ם חָקְכֶ֤ם לִלְבֹּן֙ כִּתְמ֣וֹל שִׁלְשֹׁ֔ם גַּם־תְּמ֖וֹל גַּם־הַיּֽוֹם׃
Exodus 5:14: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:EXO:130 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.130/