Exodus 1:19 · JPS 1917
And the midwives said unto Pharaoh: 'Because the Hebrew women are not as the Egyptian women; for they are lively, and are delivered ere the midwife come unto them.'
Who acts: midwives, Hebrew women, midwife · What happens: say, not be, be, deliver, come · Speech: someone speaks here
This is Exodus 1:19 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (midwives, Hebrew women, midwife), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 4 said | cc |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 midwives | det |
| 3 | midwives | midwife | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 said | nsubj |
| 4 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | unto | unto | ADP | _ | 6 Pharaoh | case |
| 6 | Pharaoh | Pharaoh | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 said | obl |
| 7 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 18 women | punct |
| 8 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 18 women | punct |
| 9 | Because | because | SCONJ | _ | 18 women | mark |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 women | det |
| 11 | Hebrew | Hebrew | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 women | compound |
| 12 | women | woman | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 women | nsubj |
| 13 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 18 women | cop |
| 14 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 18 women | advmod |
| 15 | as | as | ADP | _ | 18 women | case |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 women | det |
| 17 | Egyptian | Egyptian | PROPN | Number=Sing | 18 women | compound |
| 18 | women | woman | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 said | ccomp |
| 19 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 23 lively | punct |
| 20 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 23 lively | mark |
| 21 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 23 lively | nsubj |
| 22 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 23 lively | cop |
| 23 | lively | lively | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 women | conj |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 delivered | punct |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 delivered | cc |
| 26 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 27 delivered | aux:pass |
| 27 | delivered | deliver | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 23 lively | conj |
| 28 | ere | ere | SCONJ | _ | 31 come | mark |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 midwife | det |
| 30 | midwife | midwife | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 come | nsubj |
| 31 | come | come | VERB | Mood=Sub Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 27 delivered | advcl |
| 32 | unto | unto | ADP | _ | 33 them | case |
| 33 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 31 come | obl |
| 34 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 said | punct |
| 35 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 4 said | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- character
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | past | the midwives | unto Pharaoh | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | not is | present | the Hebrew women | as the Egyptian women | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | is | present | midwives = midwife | lively property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | deliver | present · passive | midwives = midwife not said here | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP» | |||||
| 5 | come | present | the midwife | unto women = woman | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וַתֹּאמַ֤רְןָ הַֽמְיַלְּדֹת֙ אֶל־פַּרְעֹ֔ה כִּ֣י לֹ֧א כַנָּשִׁ֛ים הַמִּצְרִיֹּ֖ת הָֽעִבְרִיֹּ֑ת כִּֽי־חָי֣וֹת הֵ֔נָּה בְּטֶ֨רֶם תָּב֧וֹא אֲלֵהֶ֛ן הַמְיַלֶּ֖דֶת וְיָלָֽדוּ׃
Exodus 1:19: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:EXO:20 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.20/