Exodus 8:13 · JPS 1917

(8-13) And they did so; and Aaron stretched out his hand with his rod, and smote the dust of the earth, and there were gnats upon man, and upon beast; all the dust of the earth became gnats throughout all the land of Egypt.

Who acts: gnats, Aaron, dust · What happens: do, stretch out, smote, be, become · To what, where: hand, dust, gnats

This is Exodus 8:13 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (gnats, Aaron, dust), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	2 8-13	punct
2	8-13	8-13	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	6 did	discourse
3	)	)	PUNCT	_	2 8-13	punct
4	And	and	CCONJ	_	6 did	cc
5	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 did	nsubj
6	did	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	so	so	ADV	_	6 did	advmod
8	;	;	PUNCT	_	11 stretched	punct
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 stretched	cc
10	Aaron	Aaron	PROPN	Number=Sing	11 stretched	nsubj
11	stretched	stretch	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 did	conj
12	out	out	ADP	_	11 stretched	compound:prt
13	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	14 hand	nmod:poss
14	hand	hand	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 stretched	obj
15	with	with	ADP	_	17 rod	case
16	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	17 rod	nmod:poss
17	rod	rod	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 stretched	obl
18	,	,	PUNCT	_	20 smote	punct
19	and	and	CCONJ	_	20 smote	cc
20	smote	smote	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	11 stretched	conj
21	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	22 dust	det
22	dust	dust	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 smote	obj
23	of	of	ADP	_	25 earth	case
24	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	25 earth	det
25	earth	earth	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 dust	nmod
26	,	,	PUNCT	_	29 were	punct
27	and	and	CCONJ	_	29 were	cc
28	there	there	PRON	_	29 were	expl
29	were	be	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	11 stretched	conj
30	gnats	gnat	NOUN	Number=Plur	29 were	nsubj
31	upon	upon	ADP	_	32 man	case
32	man	man	NOUN	Number=Sing	30 gnats	nmod
33	,	,	PUNCT	_	36 beast	punct
34	and	and	CCONJ	_	36 beast	cc
35	upon	upon	ADP	_	36 beast	case
36	beast	beast	NOUN	Number=Sing	32 man	conj
37	;	;	PUNCT	_	44 became	punct
38	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	40 dust	det:predet
39	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	40 dust	det
40	dust	dust	NOUN	Number=Sing	44 became	nsubj
41	of	of	ADP	_	43 earth	case
42	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	43 earth	det
43	earth	earth	NOUN	Number=Sing	40 dust	nmod
44	became	become	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	11 stretched	conj
45	gnats	gnat	NOUN	Number=Plur	44 became	xcomp
46	throughout	throughout	ADP	_	49 land	case
47	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	49 land	det:predet
48	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	49 land	det
49	land	land	NOUN	Number=Sing	44 became	obl
50	of	of	ADP	_	51 Egypt	case
51	Egypt	Egypt	PROPN	Number=Sing	49 land	nmod
52	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 did	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	do	past	gnats = gnat					vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	stretch out	past	Aaron	Aaron's hand			with Aaron's rod	vn bend-45.2 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent hand=Patient with rod=Instrument
3	smote	past	Aaron not said here	the dust of the earth				tree rules
4	be	past	gnats upon man and beast		there			vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
5	become	past	all dust of the earth	gnats		throughout all land of Egypt		vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The Hebrew of this verse

וַיַּֽעֲשׂוּ־כֵ֗ן וַיֵּט֩ אַהֲרֹ֨ן אֶת־יָד֤וֹ בְמַטֵּ֙הוּ֙ וַיַּךְ֙ אֶת־עֲפַ֣ר הָאָ֔רֶץ וַתְּהִי֙ הַכִּנָּ֔ם בָּאָדָ֖ם וּבַבְּהֵמָ֑ה כָּל־עֲפַ֥ר הָאָ֛רֶץ הָיָ֥ה כִנִּ֖ים בְּכָל־אֶ֥רֶץ מִצְרָֽיִם׃

Exodus 8:13: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →

Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:EXO:219 of Mova's parse database.

The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.219/