Exodus 8:12 · JPS 1917

(8-12) And the LORD said unto Moses: 'Say unto Aaron: Stretch out thy rod, and smite the dust of the earth, that it may become gnats throughout all the land of Egypt.'

Who acts: LORD, dust · What happens: say, stretch out, smite, become · To what, where: rod, dust, gnats · Speech: someone speaks here

This is Exodus 8:12 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (LORD, dust), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	2 8-12	punct
2	8-12	8-12	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	7 said	dep
3	)	)	PUNCT	_	2 8-12	punct
4	And	and	CCONJ	_	7 said	cc
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 LORD	det
6	LORD	LORD	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 said	nsubj
7	said	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	unto	unto	ADP	_	9 Moses	case
9	Moses	Moses	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 said	obl
10	:	:	PUNCT	_	12 Say	punct
11	'	'	PUNCT	_	12 Say	punct
12	Say	say	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	7 said	ccomp
13	unto	unto	ADP	_	14 Aaron	case
14	Aaron	Aaron	PROPN	Number=Sing	12 Say	obl
15	:	:	PUNCT	_	16 Stretch	punct
16	Stretch	stretch	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	12 Say	ccomp
17	out	out	ADP	_	16 Stretch	compound:prt
18	thy	thy	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch	19 rod	nmod:poss
19	rod	rod	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 Stretch	obj
20	,	,	PUNCT	_	22 smite	punct
21	and	and	CCONJ	_	22 smite	cc
22	smite	smite	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	16 Stretch	conj
23	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	24 dust	det
24	dust	dust	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 smite	obj
25	of	of	ADP	_	27 earth	case
26	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	27 earth	det
27	earth	earth	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 dust	nmod
28	,	,	PUNCT	_	32 become	punct
29	that	that	SCONJ	_	32 become	mark
30	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	32 become	nsubj
31	may	may	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	32 become	aux
32	become	become	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	22 smite	advcl
33	gnats	gnat	NOUN	Number=Plur	32 become	xcomp
34	throughout	throughout	ADP	_	37 land	case
35	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	37 land	det:predet
36	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	37 land	det
37	land	land	NOUN	Number=Sing	32 become	obl
38	of	of	ADP	_	39 Egypt	case
39	Egypt	Egypt	PROPN	Number=Sing	37 land	nmod
40	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 said	punct
41	'	'	PUNCT	_	7 said	punct

Pragmatics

form: command
act: request
voice: character
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	past	the LORD			unto Moses	vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	say speech: assert	infinitive				unto Aaron	vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
3	stretch out	infinitive		thy rod			vn bend-45.2 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent rod=Patient
4	smite	infinitive		the dust of the earth			vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus dust=Experiencer
5	become	may	dust	gnats	throughout all land of Egypt		vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The Hebrew of this verse

וַיֹּ֣אמֶר יְהוָה֮ אֶל־מֹשֶׁה֒ אֱמֹר֙ אֶֽל־אַהֲרֹ֔ן נְטֵ֣ה אֶֽת־מַטְּךָ֔ וְהַ֖ךְ אֶת־עֲפַ֣ר הָאָ֑רֶץ וְהָיָ֥ה לְכִנִּ֖ם בְּכָל־אֶ֥רֶץ מִצְרָֽיִם׃

Exodus 8:12: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →

Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:EXO:218 of Mova's parse database.

The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.218/