Exodus 13:15 · JPS 1917

and it came to pass, when Pharaoh would hardly let us go that the LORD slew all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, both the first-born of man, and the first-born of beast; therefore I sacrifice to the LORD all that openeth the womb, being males; but all the first-born of my sons I redeem.

Who acts: firstling, Pharaoh, us, LORD, I · What happens: come, pass, let, go, slay, bear · To what, where: us, firstborn, land, all, LORD, womb

This is Exodus 13:15 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (firstling, Pharaoh, us, LORD), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	and	and	CCONJ	_	3 came	cc
2	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 came	nsubj
3	came	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	to	to	PART	_	5 pass	mark
5	pass	pass	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 came	xcomp
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 let	punct
7	when	when	SCONJ	_	11 let	mark
8	Pharaoh	Pharaoh	PROPN	Number=Sing	11 let	nsubj
9	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	11 let	aux
10	hardly	hardly	ADV	_	11 let	advmod
11	let	let	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 came	advcl
12	us	we	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	11 let	obj
13	go	go	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	11 let	xcomp
14	that	that	SCONJ	_	17 slew	mark
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 LORD	det
16	LORD	LORD	PROPN	Number=Sing	17 slew	nsubj
17	slew	slay	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 came	ccomp
18	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	20 firstborn	det:predet
19	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	20 firstborn	det
20	firstborn	firstborn	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 slew	obj
21	in	in	ADP	_	23 land	case
22	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	23 land	det
23	land	land	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 slew	obl
24	of	of	ADP	_	25 Egypt	case
25	Egypt	Egypt	PROPN	Number=Sing	23 land	nmod
26	,	,	PUNCT	_	31 born	punct
27	both	both	CCONJ	_	31 born	cc:preconj
28	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	31 born	det
29	first	first	ADJ	Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	31 born	amod
30	-	-	PUNCT	_	29 first	punct
31	born	bear	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	17 slew	conj
32	of	of	ADP	_	33 man	case
33	man	man	NOUN	Number=Sing	31 born	nmod
34	,	,	PUNCT	_	39 born	punct
35	and	and	CCONJ	_	39 born	cc
36	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	39 born	det
37	first	first	ADJ	Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	39 born	amod
38	-	-	PUNCT	_	37 first	punct
39	born	bear	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	31 born	conj
40	of	of	ADP	_	41 beast	case
41	beast	beast	NOUN	Number=Sing	39 born	nmod
42	;	;	PUNCT	_	45 sacrifice	punct
43	therefore	therefore	ADV	_	45 sacrifice	advmod
44	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	45 sacrifice	nsubj
45	sacrifice	sacrifice	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 came	parataxis
46	to	to	ADP	_	48 LORD	case
47	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	48 LORD	det
48	LORD	LORD	PROPN	Number=Sing	45 sacrifice	obl
49	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	45 sacrifice	obj
50	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	51 openeth	nsubj
51	openeth	open	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	49 all	acl:relcl
52	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	53 womb	det
53	womb	womb	NOUN	Number=Sing	51 openeth	obj
54	,	,	PUNCT	_	56 males	punct
55	being	be	AUX	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	56 males	cop
56	males	male	NOUN	Number=Plur	51 openeth	xcomp
57	;	;	PUNCT	_	68 redeem	punct
58	but	but	CCONJ	_	68 redeem	cc
59	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	63 born	det:predet
60	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	63 born	det
61	first	first	ADJ	Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	63 born	amod
62	-	-	PUNCT	_	61 first	punct
63	born	bear	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	68 redeem	amod
64	of	of	ADP	_	66 sons	case
65	my	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	66 sons	nmod:poss
66	sons	son	NOUN	Number=Plur	63 born	nmod
67	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	68 redeem	nsubj
68	redeem	redeem	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 came	conj
69	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 came	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	other	roles by
1	come	past	firstling					tree rules
2	pass	to-infinitive	firstling not said here					vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	let	would	Pharaoh	us			hardly property	tree rules
4	go	infinitive	us not said here					vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
5	slay	past	the LORD	all firstborn		the land of Egypt		vn murder-42.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent firstborn=Patient
6	bear	participle	the LORD not said here				of man	vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer
7	bear	participle	the LORD not said here				of beast	vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer
8	sacrifice	present	I	all	the LORD		therefore property	vn contribute-13.2-1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent all=Theme to lord=Recipient
9	open	present		the womb				vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location womb=Theme
10	is a	gerund		males				tree rules
11	bear	participle					of my sons	vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer
12	redeem	present	I					vn steal-10.5 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The Hebrew of this verse

וַיְהִ֗י כִּֽי־הִקְשָׁ֣ה פַרְעֹה֮ לְשַׁלְּחֵנוּ֒ וַיַּהֲרֹ֨ג יְהֹוָ֤ה כָּל־בְּכוֹר֙ בְּאֶ֣רֶץ מִצְרַ֔יִם מִבְּכֹ֥ר אָדָ֖ם וְעַד־בְּכ֣וֹר בְּהֵמָ֑ה עַל־כֵּן֩ אֲנִ֨י זֹבֵ֜חַ לַֽיהוָ֗ה כָּל־פֶּ֤טֶר רֶ֙חֶם֙ הַזְּכָרִ֔ים וְכָל־בְּכ֥וֹר בָּנַ֖י אֶפְדֶּֽה׃

Exodus 13:15: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →

Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:EXO:377 of Mova's parse database.

The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.377/