Exodus 15:19 · JPS 1917
For the horses of Pharaoh went in with his chariots and with his horsemen into the sea, and the LORD brought back the waters of the sea upon them; but the children of Israel walked on dry land in the midst of the sea.
Who acts: horses, LORD, children · What happens: go in, bring back, walk · To what, where: sea, waters, dry land
This is Exodus 15:19 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (horses, LORD, children), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | For | for | SCONJ | _ | 6 went | mark |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 horses | det |
| 3 | horses | horse | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 went | nsubj |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 5 Pharaoh | case |
| 5 | Pharaoh | Pharaoh | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 horses | nmod |
| 6 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | in | in | ADV | _ | 6 went | compound:prt |
| 8 | with | with | ADP | _ | 10 chariots | case |
| 9 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 10 chariots | nmod:poss |
| 10 | chariots | chariot | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 went | obl |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 horsemen | cc |
| 12 | with | with | ADP | _ | 14 horsemen | case |
| 13 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 14 horsemen | nmod:poss |
| 14 | horsemen | horseman | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 chariots | conj |
| 15 | into | into | ADP | _ | 17 sea | case |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 sea | det |
| 17 | sea | sea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 went | obl |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 brought | punct |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 brought | cc |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 LORD | det |
| 21 | LORD | LORD | PROPN | Number=Sing | 22 brought | nsubj |
| 22 | brought | bring | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 went | conj |
| 23 | back | back | ADV | _ | 22 brought | advmod |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 waters | det |
| 25 | waters | water | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 brought | obj |
| 26 | of | of | ADP | _ | 28 sea | case |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 sea | det |
| 28 | sea | sea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 waters | nmod |
| 29 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 30 them | case |
| 30 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 22 brought | obl |
| 31 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 37 walked | punct |
| 32 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 37 walked | cc |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 children | det |
| 34 | children | child | NOUN | Number=Plur | 37 walked | nsubj |
| 35 | of | of | ADP | _ | 36 Israel | case |
| 36 | Israel | Israel | PROPN | Number=Sing | 34 children | nmod |
| 37 | walked | walk | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 went | conj |
| 38 | on | on | ADP | _ | 40 land | case |
| 39 | dry | dry | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 40 land | amod |
| 40 | land | land | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 walked | obl |
| 41 | in | in | ADP | _ | 43 midst | case |
| 42 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 43 midst | det |
| 43 | midst | midst | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 walked | obl |
| 44 | of | of | ADP | _ | 46 sea | case |
| 45 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 46 sea | det |
| 46 | sea | sea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 midst | nmod |
| 47 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 went | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- narrate
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | go in | past | the horses of Pharaoh | the sea | with Pharaoh's chariots and Pharaoh's horsemen | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme into sea=Initial_Location | |||
| 2 | bring back | past | the LORD | the waters of the sea | upon horse | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent water=Theme | |||
| 3 | walk | past | the children of Israel | dry land | in the midst of the sea | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on land=Trajectory |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
כִּ֣י בָא֩ ס֨וּס פַּרְעֹ֜ה בְּרִכְבּ֤וֹ וּבְפָרָשָׁיו֙ בַּיָּ֔ם וַיָּ֧שֶׁב יְהוָ֛ה עֲלֵהֶ֖ם אֶת־מֵ֣י הַיָּ֑ם וּבְנֵ֧י יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל הָלְכ֥וּ בַיַּבָּשָׁ֖ה בְּת֥וֹךְ הַיָּֽם׃פ
Exodus 15:19: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:EXO:435 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.435/