Exodus 16:12 · JPS 1917, sentence 2 of 2
Speak unto them, saying: At dusk ye shall eat flesh, and in the morning ye shall be filled with bread; and ye shall know that I am the LORD your God.'
Who acts: you, ye, I · What happens: speak, say, eat, fill, know, be · To what, where: flesh, ye, LORD · Speech: someone speaks here
This is Exodus 16:12 · JPS 1917, sentence 2 of 2 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, ye, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Speak | speak | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 2 | unto | unto | ADP | _ | 3 them | case |
| 3 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 1 Speak | obl |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 saying | punct |
| 5 | saying | say | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 1 Speak | advcl |
| 6 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 11 eat | punct |
| 7 | At | at | ADP | _ | 8 dusk | case |
| 8 | dusk | dusk | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 eat | obl |
| 9 | ye | ye | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 11 eat | nsubj |
| 10 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 11 eat | aux |
| 11 | eat | eat | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 saying | ccomp |
| 12 | flesh | flesh | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 eat | obj |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 filled | punct |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 filled | cc |
| 15 | in | in | ADP | _ | 17 morning | case |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 morning | det |
| 17 | morning | morning | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 filled | obl |
| 18 | ye | ye | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 21 filled | nsubj:pass |
| 19 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 21 filled | aux |
| 20 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 21 filled | aux:pass |
| 21 | filled | fill | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 11 eat | conj |
| 22 | with | with | ADP | _ | 23 bread | case |
| 23 | bread | bread | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 filled | obl |
| 24 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 28 know | punct |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 28 know | cc |
| 26 | ye | ye | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 28 know | nsubj |
| 27 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 28 know | aux |
| 28 | know | know | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 11 eat | conj |
| 29 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 33 LORD | mark |
| 30 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 33 LORD | nsubj |
| 31 | am | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 33 LORD | cop |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 LORD | det |
| 33 | LORD | lord | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 know | ccomp |
| 34 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 35 God | nmod:poss |
| 35 | God | God | PROPN | Number=Sing | 33 LORD | appos |
| 36 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 1 Speak | punct |
| 37 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 1 Speak | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- command
- act
- request
- voice
- character
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed voice=character
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | speak speech: other | imperative | you not said here | unto children = child | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | say speech: assert | gerund | you not said here | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 3 | eat | shall | ye | flesh | dusk | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent flesh=Patient | |||
| 4 | fill | shall · passive | ye | morning | with bread | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: subject=Patient with bread=Instrument | |||
| 5 | know | shall | ye | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 6 | is a | present | I | the LORD | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
שָׁמַ֗עְתִּי אֶת־תְּלוּנֹּת֮ בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵל֒ דַּבֵּ֨ר אֲלֵהֶ֜ם לֵאמֹ֗ר בֵּ֤ין הָֽעַרְבַּ֙יִם֙ תֹּאכְל֣וּ בָשָׂ֔ר וּבַבֹּ֖קֶר תִּשְׂבְּעוּ־לָ֑חֶם וִֽידַעְתֶּ֕ם כִּ֛י אֲנִ֥י יְהוָ֖ה אֱלֹהֵיכֶֽם׃
Exodus 16:12: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →
This verse in JPS 1917:
- 'I have heard the murmurings of the children of Israel.
- Speak unto them, saying: At dusk ye shall eat flesh, and in the morning ye shall be filled with bread; and ye shall know that I am the LORD your God.'
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:EXO:458 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.458/