Exodus 16:12 שְׁמוֹת

Who acts: I, you, ye · What happens: hear, murmur, speak, say, eat, fill · To what, where: murmurings, children, flesh, ye, LORD · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Exodus 16:12 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — I, you, ye — and what happens in the verse to murmurings, children, flesh, ye, LORD, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 40 chapters of Exodus on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

שָׁמַ֗עְתִּי אֶת־תְּלוּנֹּת֮ בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵל֒ דַּבֵּ֨ר אֲלֵהֶ֜ם לֵאמֹ֗ר בֵּ֤ין הָֽעַרְבַּ֙יִם֙ תֹּאכְל֣וּ בָשָׂ֔ר וּבַבֹּ֖קֶר תִּשְׂבְּעוּ־לָ֑חֶם וִֽידַעְתֶּ֕ם כִּ֛י אֲנִ֥י יְהוָ֖ה אֱלֹהֵיכֶֽם׃

'I have heard the murmurings of the children of Israel. Speak unto them, saying: At dusk ye shall eat flesh, and in the morning ye shall be filled with bread; and ye shall know that I am the LORD your God.'

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	שָׁמַ֗עְתִּי	שָׁמַע	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=1	root	root	I have heard
2	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	3 תְּלוּנֹּת֮	case	(et)
3	תְּלוּנֹּת֮	תְּלֻנֹּות	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Plur	1 שָׁמַ֗עְתִּי	obj	the grumblings
4	בְּנֵ֣י	בֵּן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	3 תְּלוּנֹּת֮	compound:smixut	of the people
5	יִשְׂרָאֵל֒	יִשְׂרָאֵל	PROPN	_	4 בְּנֵ֣י	compound:smixut	of Israel
6	דַּבֵּ֨ר	דָבַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Sing Person=2	1 שָׁמַ֗עְתִּי	parataxis	speak
7	אֲל	אֶל	ADP	_	8 ֵהֶ֜ם	case	to
8	ֵהֶ֜ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 דַּבֵּ֨ר	obl	them
9	לֵ	לְ	ADP	ExtPos=SCONJ	14 תֹּאכְל֣וּ	mark	(cmp)
10	אמֹ֗ר	אָמַר	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	9 לֵ	fixed
11	בֵּ֤ין	בֵּין	ADP	_	13 עַרְבַּ֙יִם֙	case	between
12	הָֽ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	13 עַרְבַּ֙יִם֙	det	the two
13	עַרְבַּ֙יִם֙	עֶרֶב	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Dual	14 תֹּאכְל֣וּ	obl	evenings
14	תֹּאכְל֣וּ	אָכַל	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=2	6 דַּבֵּ֨ר	ccomp	you will eat
15	בָשָׂ֔ר	בָּשָׂר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	14 תֹּאכְל֣וּ	obj	meat
16	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	20 תִּשְׂבְּעוּ־	cc	and
17	בַ	בְּ	ADP	_	19 בֹּ֖קֶר	case	in
18	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	19 בֹּ֖קֶר	det	the
19	בֹּ֖קֶר	בֹּקֶר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	20 תִּשְׂבְּעוּ־	obl	morning
20	תִּשְׂבְּעוּ־	שָׂבֵעַ	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=2	14 תֹּאכְל֣וּ	conj	you will be satisfied
21	לָ֑חֶם	לֶחֶם	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 תִּשְׂבְּעוּ־	obj	bread
22	וִֽ	וְ	CCONJ	_	23 ידַעְתֶּ֕ם	cc	and
23	ידַעְתֶּ֕ם	יָדַע	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=2	14 תֹּאכְל֣וּ	conj	you will know
24	כִּ֛י	כִּי	SCONJ	_	26 יְהוָ֖ה	mark	(dm) that
25	אֲנִ֥י	אֲנִי	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	26 יְהוָ֖ה	nsubj	I
26	יְהוָ֖ה	יהוה	PROPN	_	23 ידַעְתֶּ֕ם	ccomp	[am] Yahweh
27	אֱלֹהֵי	אֱלֹהִים	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	26 יְהוָ֖ה	appos	God
28	כֶֽם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs	27 אֱלֹהֵי	nmod:poss	your
29	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	28 כֶֽם	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: request
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: no
indirect: yes
the frame alone: decl · assert · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
שָׁמַעְתִּי I have heard	qatal · qal		תְּלוּנֹּת the grumblings
דַּבֵּר speak	imperative · piel
אמֹר	infinitive construct · qal
תֹּאכְלוּ you will eat	yiqtol · qal	בְּנֵי of the people	בָשָׂר meat
תִּשְׂבְּעוּ־ you will be satisfied	yiqtol · qal	בְּנֵי of the people	לָחֶם bread
ידַעְתֶּם you will know	weqatal · qal	בְּנֵי of the people	יְהוָה [am] Yahweh

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

שְׁמִיעַ קֳדָמַי יָת תֻּרְעֲמַת בְּנֵי יִשְּׂרָאֵל מַלֵיל עִמְהוֹן לְמֵימַר בֵּין שִׁמְשַׁיָא תֵּיכְלּוּן בִּסְרָא וּבְצַפְרָא תִּשְׂבְּעוּן לַחְמָא וְתִדְעוּן אֲרֵי אֲנָא יְיָ אֱלָהָכוֹן:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:EXO:426.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.16.12/