Exodus 16:13 שְׁמוֹת

Who acts: quails, layer · What happens: come, pass, come up, cover, be · To what, where: bread, even, camp

This is Exodus 16:13 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — quails, layer — and what happens in the verse to bread, even, camp, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 40 chapters of Exodus on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיְהִ֣י בָעֶ֔רֶב וַתַּ֣עַל הַשְּׂלָ֔ו וַתְּכַ֖ס אֶת־הַֽמַּחֲנֶ֑ה וּבַבֹּ֗קֶר הָֽיְתָה֙ שִׁכְבַ֣ת הַטַּ֔ל סָבִ֖יב לַֽמַּחֲנֶֽה׃

And it came to pass at even, that the quails came up, and covered the camp; and in the morning there was a layer of dew round about the camp.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יְהִ֣י	cc	and
2	יְהִ֣י	הָיָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	it was
3	בָ	בְּ	ADP	_	5 עֶ֔רֶב	case	in
4	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	5 עֶ֔רֶב	det	the
5	עֶ֔רֶב	עֶרֶב	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 יְהִ֣י	obl	evening
6	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	7 תַּ֣עַל	cc	and
7	תַּ֣עַל	עָלָה	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יְהִ֣י	conj	it came up
8	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	9 שְּׂלָ֔ו	det	the
9	שְּׂלָ֔ו	שְׂלָו	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	7 תַּ֣עַל	nsubj	quail
10	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	11 תְּכַ֖ס	cc	and
11	תְּכַ֖ס	כָּסָה	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Sing Person=3	7 תַּ֣עַל	conj	it covered
12	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	14 מַּחֲנֶ֑ה	case	(et)
13	הַֽ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	14 מַּחֲנֶ֑ה	det	the
14	מַּחֲנֶ֑ה	מַחֲנֶה	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 תְּכַ֖ס	obj	camp
15	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	18 בֹּ֗קֶר	cc	and
16	בַ	בְּ	ADP	_	18 בֹּ֗קֶר	case	in
17	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	18 בֹּ֗קֶר	det	the
18	בֹּ֗קֶר	בֹּקֶר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 יְהִ֣י	conj	morning
19	הָֽיְתָה֙	הָיָה	AUX	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	18 בֹּ֗קֶר	cop	it was
20	שִׁכְבַ֣ת	שְׁכָבָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	18 בֹּ֗קֶר	nsubj	the layer
21	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	22 טַּ֔ל	det	of
22	טַּ֔ל	טַל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	20 שִׁכְבַ֣ת	compound:smixut	the dew
23	סָבִ֖יב	סָבִיב	ADV	Number=Sing	26 מַּחֲנֶֽה	advmod	around
24	לַֽ	לְ	ADP	_	26 מַּחֲנֶֽה	case	(to)
25	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	26 מַּחֲנֶֽה	det	the
26	מַּחֲנֶֽה	מַחֲנֶה	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 בֹּ֗קֶר	obl	camp
27	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	26 מַּחֲנֶֽה	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
תַּעַל it came up	wayyiqtol · qal	שְּׂלָו quail
תְּכַס it covered	wayyiqtol · piel	שְּׂלָו quail	מַּחֲנֶה camp
הָֽיְתָה it was	qatal · qal	שִׁכְבַת the layer

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

וַהֲוָה בְרַמְשָׁא וּסְלֵיקַת סְלָיו וַחֲפַת יָת מַשְׁרִיתָא וּבְצַפְרָא הֲוַת נְחָתַת טַלָא סְחוֹר סְחוֹר לְמַשְׁרִיתָא:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And it came to pass at even, that the quails came up, and covered the camp; and in the morning there was a layer of dew round about the camp.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:EXO:427.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.16.13/