Exodus 16:14 שְׁמוֹת

What happens: go up · To what, where: layer

This is Exodus 16:14 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: what happens in the verse to layer, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 40 chapters of Exodus on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַתַּ֖עַל שִׁכְבַ֣ת הַטָּ֑ל וְהִנֵּ֞ה עַל־פְּנֵ֤י הַמִּדְבָּר֙ דַּ֣ק מְחֻסְפָּ֔ס דַּ֥ק כַּכְּפֹ֖ר עַל־הָאָֽרֶץ׃

And when the layer of dew was gone up, behold upon the face of the wilderness a fine, scale-like thing, fine as the hoar-frost on the ground.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 תַּ֖עַל	cc	and
2	תַּ֖עַל	עָלָה	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	it went up
3	שִׁכְבַ֣ת	שְׁכָבָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	2 תַּ֖עַל	nsubj	the layer
4	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	5 טָּ֑ל	det	of (the)
5	טָּ֑ל	טַל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	3 שִׁכְבַ֣ת	compound:smixut	dew
6	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	14 דַּ֥ק	cc	and
7	הִנֵּ֞ה	הִנֵּה	INTJ	_	14 דַּ֥ק	discourse	there!
8	עַל־	עַל	ADP	_	9 פְּנֵ֤י	case	[was] on
9	פְּנֵ֤י	פָּנֶה	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 דַּ֥ק	parataxis	the surface
10	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	11 מִּדְבָּר֙	det	of
11	מִּדְבָּר֙	מִדְבָּר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	9 פְּנֵ֤י	compound:smixut	the wilderness
12	דַּ֣ק	דַּק	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	13 מְחֻסְפָּ֔ס	amod	thin [stuff]
13	מְחֻסְפָּ֔ס	חַסְפַּס	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PUAL Number=Sing	9 פְּנֵ֤י	nsubj	flake-like
14	דַּ֥ק	דַּק	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 תַּ֖עַל	conj	thin [stuff]
15	כַּ	כְּ	ADP	_	17 כְּפֹ֖ר	case	like
16	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	17 כְּפֹ֖ר	det	(the)
17	כְּפֹ֖ר	כְּפוֹר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	14 דַּ֥ק	obl	hoar-frost
18	עַל־	עַל	ADP	_	20 אָֽרֶץ	case	on
19	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	20 אָֽרֶץ	det	the
20	אָֽרֶץ	אֶרֶץ	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 כְּפֹ֖ר	nmod	ground
21	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	20 אָֽרֶץ	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	to whom, further (A2)	who makes it happen (AA)
תַּעַל it went up	wayyiqtol · qal	שִׁכְבַת the layer

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

וּסְלֵיקַת נְחָתַת טַלָא וְהָא עַל אַפֵּי מַדְבְּרָא דַעְדַק מְקַלַף דַעְדַק כְּגִיר כִּגְלִידָא עַל אַרְעָא:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And when the layer of dew was gone up, behold upon the face of the wilderness a fine, scale-like thing, fine as the hoar-frost on the ground.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:EXO:428.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.16.14/