Exodus 16:15 שְׁמוֹת

Who acts: children, layer, Moses, LORD · What happens: see, say, be, not know, give, eat · To what, where: layer, one, another, bread, you · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Exodus 16:15 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — children, layer, Moses, LORD — and what happens in the verse to layer, one, another, bread, you, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 40 chapters of Exodus on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיִּרְא֣וּ בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל וַיֹּ֨אמְר֜וּ אִ֤ישׁ אֶל־אָחִיו֙ מָ֣ן ה֔וּא כִּ֛י לֹ֥א יָדְע֖וּ מַה־ה֑וּא וַיֹּ֤אמֶר מֹשֶׁה֙ אֲלֵהֶ֔ם ה֣וּא הַלֶּ֔חֶם אֲשֶׁ֨ר נָתַ֧ן יְהוָ֛ה לָכֶ֖ם לְאָכְלָֽה׃

And when the children of Israel saw it, they said one to another: 'What is it?' — for they knew not what it was. And Moses said unto them: 'It is the bread which the LORD hath given you to eat.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יִּרְא֣וּ	cc	and
2	יִּרְא֣וּ	רָאָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	root	root	they saw
3	בְנֵֽי־	בֵּן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	2 יִּרְא֣וּ	nsubj	the people
4	יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל	יִשְׂרָאֵל	PROPN	_	3 בְנֵֽי־	compound:smixut	of Israel
5	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	6 יֹּ֨אמְר֜וּ	cc	and
6	יֹּ֨אמְר֜וּ	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יִּרְא֣וּ	conj	they said
7	אִ֤ישׁ	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	6 יֹּ֨אמְר֜וּ	obl	each
8	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	9 אָחִי	case	to
9	אָחִי	אָח	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	7 אִ֤ישׁ	nmod	brother
10	ו֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 אָחִי	nmod:poss	his
11	מָ֣ן	מָן	PRON	PronType=Int	6 יֹּ֨אמְר֜וּ	ccomp	what?
12	ה֔וּא	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 מָ֣ן	nsubj	[is] it
13	כִּ֛י	כִּי	SCONJ	_	15 יָדְע֖וּ	mark	(dm)
14	לֹ֥א	לֹא	ADV	_	15 יָדְע֖וּ	advmod	not
15	יָדְע֖וּ	יָדַע	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	11 מָ֣ן	advcl	they knew
16	מַה־	מָה	PRON	PronType=Int	15 יָדְע֖וּ	ccomp	what?
17	ה֑וּא	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	16 מַה־	nsubj	[was] it
18	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	19 יֹּ֤אמֶר	cc	and
19	יֹּ֤אמֶר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יִּרְא֣וּ	conj	he said
20	מֹשֶׁה֙	מֹשֶׁה	PROPN	_	19 יֹּ֤אמֶר	nsubj	Moses
21	אֲל	אֶל	ADP	_	22 ֵהֶ֔ם	case	to
22	ֵהֶ֔ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	19 יֹּ֤אמֶר	obl	them
23	ה֣וּא	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	25 לֶּ֔חֶם	nsubj	it
24	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	25 לֶּ֔חֶם	det	[is] the
25	לֶּ֔חֶם	לֶחֶם	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 יֹּ֤אמֶר	ccomp	bread
26	אֲשֶׁ֨ר	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	27 נָתַ֧ן	mark	which
27	נָתַ֧ן	נָתַן	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	25 לֶּ֔חֶם	acl:relcl	he has given
28	יְהוָ֛ה	יהוה	PROPN	_	27 נָתַ֧ן	nsubj	Yahweh
29	ל	לְ	ADP	_	30 ָכֶ֖ם	case	to
30	ָכֶ֖ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs	27 נָתַ֧ן	obl	you
31	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	32 אָכְלָֽה	case	to
32	אָכְלָֽה	אׇכְלָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	27 נָתַ֧ן	obl	food
33	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	32 אָכְלָֽה	punct

Pragmatics

form: wh-question
act: ask
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: yes
the frame alone: decl · narrate · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יִּרְאוּ they saw	wayyiqtol · qal	בְנֵֽי־ the people
יֹּאמְרוּ they said	wayyiqtol · qal	בְנֵֽי־ the people
not יָדְעוּ they knew	qatal · qal	בְנֵֽי־ the people	מַה־ what?
יֹּאמֶר he said	wayyiqtol · qal	מֹשֶׁה Moses
נָתַן he has given	qatal · qal	יְהוָה Yahweh	לֶּחֶם bread

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

וַחֲזוֹ בְנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל וַאֲמָרוּ גְבַר לַאֲחוּהִי מַנָא הוּא אֲרֵי לָא יְדָעוּ מָא הוּא וַאֲמַר משֶׁה לְהוֹן הוּא לַחְמָא דִי יְהַב יְיָ לְכוֹן לְמֵיכַל:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:EXO:429.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.16.15/