Exodus 16:15 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2
And when the children of Israel saw it, they said one to another: 'What is it?' — for they knew not what it was.
Who acts: children, layer · What happens: see, say, be, not know · To what, where: layer, one, another · Speech: someone speaks here
This is Exodus 16:15 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (children, layer), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 said | cc |
| 2 | when | when | SCONJ | _ | 7 saw | mark |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 children | det |
| 4 | children | child | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 saw | nsubj |
| 5 | of | of | ADP | _ | 6 Israel | case |
| 6 | Israel | Israel | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 children | nmod |
| 7 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 said | advcl |
| 8 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 saw | obj |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 saw | punct |
| 10 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 said | nsubj |
| 11 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 12 | one | one | PRON | PronType=Ind | 11 said | obj |
| 13 | to | to | ADP | _ | 14 another | case |
| 14 | another | another | PRON | PronType=Ind | 12 one | nmod |
| 15 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 17 What | punct |
| 16 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 17 What | punct |
| 17 | What | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 11 said | ccomp |
| 18 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 17 What | cop |
| 19 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 What | nsubj |
| 20 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 17 What | punct |
| 21 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 17 What | punct |
| 22 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 25 knew | punct |
| 23 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 25 knew | mark |
| 24 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 25 knew | nsubj |
| 25 | knew | know | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 said | advcl |
| 26 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 25 knew | advmod |
| 27 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 25 knew | ccomp |
| 28 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 27 what | nsubj |
| 29 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 27 what | cop |
| 30 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 11 said | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- wh-question
- act
- ask
- voice
- character
- polarity
- none
- indirect
- yes
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | see | past | the children of Israel | layer | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer it=Stimulus | ||||
| 2 | say speech: assert | past | children = child | one | another | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent one=Topic to another=Recipient | |||
| 3 | is a | present | layer | tree rules | |||||
| 4 | not know | past | children = child | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 5 | is a | past | layer | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וַיִּרְא֣וּ בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל וַיֹּ֨אמְר֜וּ אִ֤ישׁ אֶל־אָחִיו֙ מָ֣ן ה֔וּא כִּ֛י לֹ֥א יָדְע֖וּ מַה־ה֑וּא וַיֹּ֤אמֶר מֹשֶׁה֙ אֲלֵהֶ֔ם ה֣וּא הַלֶּ֔חֶם אֲשֶׁ֨ר נָתַ֧ן יְהוָ֛ה לָכֶ֖ם לְאָכְלָֽה׃
Exodus 16:15: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →
This verse in JPS 1917:
- And when the children of Israel saw it, they said one to another: 'What is it?' — for they knew not what it was.
- And Moses said unto them: 'It is the bread which the LORD hath given you to eat.
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:EXO:461 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.461/