Exodus 20:21 · JPS 1917
And the people stood afar off; but Moses drew near unto the thick darkness where God was.
Who acts: people, Moses, God · What happens: stand, draw, be
This is Exodus 20:21 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (people, Moses, God), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 4 stood | cc |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 people | det |
| 3 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 stood | nsubj |
| 4 | stood | stand | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | afar | afar | ADV | _ | 6 off | advmod |
| 6 | off | off | ADV | _ | 4 stood | advmod |
| 7 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 10 drew | punct |
| 8 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 10 drew | cc |
| 9 | Moses | Moses | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 drew | nsubj |
| 10 | drew | draw | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 stood | conj |
| 11 | near | near | ADV | _ | 10 drew | advmod |
| 12 | unto | unto | ADP | _ | 15 darkness | case |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 darkness | det |
| 14 | thick | thick | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 darkness | amod |
| 15 | darkness | darkness | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 drew | obl |
| 16 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 18 was | advmod |
| 17 | God | God | PROPN | Number=Sing | 18 was | nsubj |
| 18 | was | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 15 darkness | acl:relcl |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 stood | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- narrate
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed act=narrate
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | stand | past | the people | off property | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | draw | past | Moses | unto the thick darkness; near property | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | be | past | God | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וַיַּעֲמֹ֥ד הָעָ֖ם מֵרָחֹ֑ק וּמֹשֶׁה֙ נִגַּ֣שׁ אֶל־הָֽעֲרָפֶ֔ל אֲשֶׁר־שָׁ֖ם הָאֱלֹהִֽים׃פ
Exodus 20:21: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:EXO:574 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.574/