Exodus 22:4 · JPS 1917
(22-4) If a man cause a field or vineyard to be eaten, and shall let his beast loose, and it feed in another man's field; of the best of his own field, and of the best of his own vineyard, shall he make restitution.
Who acts: man, field, beast · What happens: cause, eat, let, feed, make · To what, where: field, beast, restitution
This is Exodus 22:4 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (man, field, beast), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 2 22-4 | punct |
| 2 | 22-4 | 22-4 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 51 make | dep |
| 3 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 2 22-4 | punct |
| 4 | If | if | SCONJ | _ | 7 cause | mark |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 man | det |
| 6 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 cause | nsubj |
| 7 | cause | cause | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 51 make | advcl |
| 8 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 9 field | det |
| 9 | field | field | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 cause | obj |
| 10 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 11 vineyard | cc |
| 11 | vineyard | vineyard | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 field | conj |
| 12 | to | to | PART | _ | 14 eaten | mark |
| 13 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 14 eaten | aux:pass |
| 14 | eaten | eat | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 7 cause | xcomp |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 let | punct |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 let | cc |
| 17 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 18 let | aux |
| 18 | let | let | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 7 cause | conj |
| 19 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 20 beast | nmod:poss |
| 20 | beast | beast | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 let | obj |
| 21 | loose | loose | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 beast | advmod |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 feed | punct |
| 23 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 feed | cc |
| 24 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 25 feed | nsubj |
| 25 | feed | feed | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 18 let | conj |
| 26 | in | in | ADP | _ | 30 field | case |
| 27 | another | another | DET | PronType=Ind | 28 man | det |
| 28 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 field | nmod:poss |
| 29 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 28 man | case |
| 30 | field | field | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 feed | obl |
| 31 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 34 best | punct |
| 32 | of | of | ADP | _ | 34 best | case |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 best | det |
| 34 | best | good | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 51 make | obl |
| 35 | of | of | ADP | _ | 38 field | case |
| 36 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 38 field | nmod:poss |
| 37 | own | own | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 38 field | amod |
| 38 | field | field | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 best | nmod |
| 39 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 43 best | punct |
| 40 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 43 best | cc |
| 41 | of | of | ADP | _ | 43 best | case |
| 42 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 43 best | det |
| 43 | best | good | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 34 best | conj |
| 44 | of | of | ADP | _ | 47 vineyard | case |
| 45 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 47 vineyard | nmod:poss |
| 46 | own | own | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 47 vineyard | amod |
| 47 | vineyard | vineyard | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 best | nmod |
| 48 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 51 make | punct |
| 49 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 51 make | aux |
| 50 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 51 make | nsubj |
| 51 | make | make | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 52 | restitution | restitution | NOUN | Number=Sing | 51 make | obj |
| 53 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 51 make | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed act=assert
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | cause a condition, not said to happen | present | a man | a field or vineyard | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | eat | to-infinitive · passive | a field or vineyard not said here | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V» | |||||
| 3 | let | shall | a man not said here | man's beast | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent beast=Theme | ||||
| 4 | feed | infinitive | beast | another man's field | vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent in field=Location | ||||
| 5 | make | shall | man | restitution | of the best of man's own field | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent restitution=Product |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
כִּ֤י יַבְעֶר־אִישׁ֙ שָׂדֶ֣ה אוֹ־כֶ֔רֶם וְשִׁלַּח֙ אֶת־בְּעִיר֔וֹ וּבִעֵ֖ר בִּשְׂדֵ֣ה אַחֵ֑ר מֵיטַ֥ב שָׂדֵ֛הוּ וּמֵיטַ֥ב כַּרְמ֖וֹ יְשַׁלֵּֽם׃ס
Exodus 22:4: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:EXO:620 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.620/