Genesis 38:23 · JPS 1917
And Judah said: 'Let her take it, lest we be put to shame; behold, I sent this kid, and thou hast not found her.'
Who acts: Judah, harlot, I, thou · What happens: say, let, take, put, send, not find · To what, where: harlot, place, we, kid · Speech: someone speaks here
This is Genesis 38:23 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Judah, harlot, I, thou), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 3 said | cc |
| 2 | Judah | Judah | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 said | nsubj |
| 3 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 6 Let | punct |
| 5 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 6 Let | punct |
| 6 | Let | let | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 said | ccomp |
| 7 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 Let | obj |
| 8 | take | take | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 6 Let | xcomp |
| 9 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 take | obj |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 put | punct |
| 11 | lest | lest | SCONJ | _ | 14 put | mark |
| 12 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 14 put | nsubj:pass |
| 13 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 14 put | aux:pass |
| 14 | put | put | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 8 take | advcl |
| 15 | to | to | ADP | _ | 16 shame | case |
| 16 | shame | shame | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 put | obl |
| 17 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 21 sent | punct |
| 18 | behold | behold | INTJ | _ | 21 sent | discourse |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 behold | punct |
| 20 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 21 sent | nsubj |
| 21 | sent | send | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 said | parataxis |
| 22 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 23 kid | det |
| 23 | kid | kid | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 sent | obj |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 found | punct |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 29 found | cc |
| 26 | thou | thou | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 29 found | nsubj |
| 27 | hast | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 29 found | aux |
| 28 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 29 found | advmod |
| 29 | found | find | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 21 sent | conj |
| 30 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 29 found | obj |
| 31 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 said | punct |
| 32 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 3 said | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- character
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed form=decl, act=assert
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | past | Judah | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 2 | let | infinitive | harlot | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | take | infinitive | harlot not said here | place | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme | ||||
| 4 | put | infinitive · passive | we | to shame | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: subject=Goal | ||||
| 5 | send | past | I | this kid | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent kid=Theme | ||||
| 6 | not find | present · perfect | thou | harlot | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent she=Topic |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וַיֹּ֤אמֶר יְהוּדָה֙ תִּֽקַּֽח־לָ֔הּ פֶּ֖ן נִהְיֶ֣ה לָב֑וּז הִנֵּ֤ה שָׁלַ֙חְתִּי֙ הַגְּדִ֣י הַזֶּ֔ה וְאַתָּ֖ה לֹ֥א מְצָאתָֽהּ׃
Genesis 38:23: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:GEN:1240 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.1240/