Genesis 44:16 · JPS 1917, sentence 2 of 2
God hath found out the iniquity of thy servants; behold, we are my lord's bondmen, both we, and he also in whose hand the cup is found.'
Who acts: God, we · What happens: find out, be, find · To what, where: iniquity, bondmen, God, hand
This is Genesis 44:16 · JPS 1917, sentence 2 of 2 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (God, we), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | God | God | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 found | nsubj |
| 2 | hath | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 found | aux |
| 3 | found | find | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 4 | out | out | ADP | _ | 3 found | compound:prt |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 iniquity | det |
| 6 | iniquity | iniquity | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 found | obj |
| 7 | of | of | ADP | _ | 9 servants | case |
| 8 | thy | thy | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 9 servants | nmod:poss |
| 9 | servants | servant | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 iniquity | nmod |
| 10 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 18 bondmen | punct |
| 11 | behold | behold | INTJ | _ | 18 bondmen | discourse |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 behold | punct |
| 13 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 18 bondmen | nsubj |
| 14 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 18 bondmen | cop |
| 15 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 16 lord | nmod:poss |
| 16 | lord | lord | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 bondmen | nmod:poss |
| 17 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 16 lord | case |
| 18 | bondmen | bondman | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 found | parataxis |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 we | punct |
| 20 | both | both | CCONJ | _ | 21 we | cc:preconj |
| 21 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 13 we | conj |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 found | punct |
| 23 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 32 found | cc |
| 24 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 32 found | nsubj:pass |
| 25 | also | also | ADV | _ | 32 found | advmod |
| 26 | in | in | ADP | _ | 28 hand | case |
| 27 | whose | whose | PRON | Poss=Yes PronType=Rel | 28 hand | nmod:poss |
| 28 | hand | hand | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 found | obl |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 cup | det |
| 30 | cup | cup | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 found | nsubj:pass |
| 31 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 32 found | aux:pass |
| 32 | found | find | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 18 bondmen | conj |
| 33 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 found | punct |
| 34 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 3 found | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- character
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed voice=character, polarity=none
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | find out | present · perfect | God | the iniquity of thy servants | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent iniquity=Topic | ||||
| 2 | is a | present | we | my lord's bondmen | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | find | present · passive | God | hand | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וַיֹּ֣אמֶר יְהוּדָ֗ה מַה־נֹּאמַר֙ לַֽאדֹנִ֔י מַה־נְּדַבֵּ֖ר וּמַה־נִּצְטַדָּ֑ק הָאֱלֹהִ֗ים מָצָא֙ אֶת־עֲוֺ֣ן עֲבָדֶ֔יךָ הִנֶּנּ֤וּ עֲבָדִים֙ לַֽאדֹנִ֔י גַּם־אֲנַ֕חְנוּ גַּ֛ם אֲשֶׁר־נִמְצָ֥א הַגָּבִ֖יעַ בְּיָדֽוֹ׃
Genesis 44:16: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →
This verse in JPS 1917:
- And Judah said: 'What shall we say unto my lord? what shall we speak? or how shall we clear ourselves?
- God hath found out the iniquity of thy servants; behold, we are my lord's bondmen, both we, and he also in whose hand the cup is found.'
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:GEN:1455 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.1455/