Genesis 17:17 · JPS 1917
Then Abraham fell upon his face, and laughed, and said in his heart: 'Shall a child be born unto him that is a hundred years old? and shall Sarah, that is ninety years old, bear?'
Who acts: Abraham, Sarah · What happens: fall, laugh, say, bear, be · To what, where: face, heart, child · Speech: someone speaks here
This is Genesis 17:17 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Abraham, Sarah), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 3 fell | advmod |
| 2 | Abraham | Abraham | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 fell | nsubj |
| 3 | fell | fall | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 6 face | case |
| 5 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 6 face | nmod:poss |
| 6 | face | face | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 fell | obl |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 laughed | punct |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 laughed | cc |
| 9 | laughed | laugh | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 fell | conj |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 said | punct |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 said | cc |
| 12 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 fell | conj |
| 13 | in | in | ADP | _ | 15 heart | case |
| 14 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 15 heart | nmod:poss |
| 15 | heart | heart | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 said | obl |
| 16 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 22 born | punct |
| 17 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 22 born | punct |
| 18 | Shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 22 born | aux |
| 19 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 20 child | det |
| 20 | child | child | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 born | nsubj:pass |
| 21 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 22 born | aux:pass |
| 22 | born | bear | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 12 said | ccomp |
| 23 | unto | unto | ADP | _ | 24 him | case |
| 24 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 22 born | obl |
| 25 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 30 old | nsubj |
| 26 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 30 old | cop |
| 27 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 28 hundred | det |
| 28 | hundred | hundred | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 29 years | nummod |
| 29 | years | year | NOUN | Number=Plur | 30 old | obl:unmarked |
| 30 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 24 him | acl:relcl |
| 31 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 22 born | punct |
| 32 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 42 bear | cc |
| 33 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 42 bear | aux |
| 34 | Sarah | Sarah | PROPN | Number=Sing | 42 bear | nsubj |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 Sarah | punct |
| 36 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 40 old | nsubj |
| 37 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 40 old | cop |
| 38 | ninety | ninety | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 39 years | nummod |
| 39 | years | year | NOUN | Number=Plur | 40 old | obl:unmarked |
| 40 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 34 Sarah | acl:relcl |
| 41 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 40 old | punct |
| 42 | bear | bear | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 22 born | conj |
| 43 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 42 bear | punct |
| 44 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 22 born | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- yes/no question
- act
- express
- voice
- character
- polarity
- none
- indirect
- yes
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | fall | past | Abraham | Abraham's face | then | vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme upon face=Location | |||
| 2 | laugh | past | Abraham not said here | vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | say speech: assert | past | Abraham not said here | Abraham's heart | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||
| 4 | bear | shall · passive | a child | unto Abraham | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | ||||
| 5 | is | present | year | old property | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | is | present | Sarah | year | old property | tree rules | |||
| 7 | bear | shall | Sarah | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וַיִּפֹּ֧ל אַבְרָהָ֛ם עַל־פָּנָ֖יו וַיִּצְחָ֑ק וַיֹּ֣אמֶר בְּלִבּ֗וֹ הַלְּבֶ֤ן מֵאָֽה־שָׁנָה֙ יִוָּלֵ֔ד וְאִ֨ם־שָׂרָ֔ה הֲבַת־תִּשְׁעִ֥ים שָׁנָ֖ה תֵּלֵֽד׃
Genesis 17:17: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:GEN:430 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.430/