Genesis 21:17 · JPS 1917
And God heard the voice of the lad; and the angel of God called to Hagar out of heaven, and said unto her: 'What aileth thee, Hagar? fear not; for God hath heard the voice of the lad where he is.
Who acts: God, angel · What happens: hear, call, say, ail, not fear · To what, where: voice, Hagar, heaven, thee · Speech: someone speaks here
This is Genesis 21:17 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (God, angel), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 3 heard | cc |
| 2 | God | God | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 heard | nsubj |
| 3 | heard | hear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 voice | det |
| 5 | voice | voice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 heard | obj |
| 6 | of | of | ADP | _ | 8 lad | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 lad | det |
| 8 | lad | lad | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 voice | nmod |
| 9 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 15 called | punct |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 called | cc |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 angel | det |
| 12 | angel | angel | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 called | nsubj |
| 13 | of | of | ADP | _ | 14 God | case |
| 14 | God | God | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 angel | nmod |
| 15 | called | call | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 heard | conj |
| 16 | to | to | ADP | _ | 17 Hagar | case |
| 17 | Hagar | Hagar | PROPN | Number=Sing | 15 called | obl |
| 18 | out | out | ADP | _ | 20 heaven | case |
| 19 | of | of | ADP | _ | 20 heaven | case |
| 20 | heaven | heaven | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 called | obl |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 said | punct |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 said | cc |
| 23 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 15 called | conj |
| 24 | unto | unto | ADP | _ | 25 her | case |
| 25 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 23 said | obl |
| 26 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 29 aileth | punct |
| 27 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 29 aileth | punct |
| 28 | What | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 29 aileth | nsubj |
| 29 | aileth | ail | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 23 said | ccomp |
| 30 | thee | thou | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 29 aileth | obj |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 Hagar | punct |
| 32 | Hagar | Hagar | PROPN | Number=Sing | 29 aileth | vocative |
| 33 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 29 aileth | punct |
| 34 | fear | fear | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 29 aileth | parataxis |
| 35 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 34 fear | advmod |
| 36 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 40 heard | punct |
| 37 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 40 heard | mark |
| 38 | God | God | PROPN | Number=Sing | 40 heard | nsubj |
| 39 | hath | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 40 heard | aux |
| 40 | heard | hear | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 34 fear | advcl |
| 41 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 42 voice | det |
| 42 | voice | voice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 heard | obj |
| 43 | of | of | ADP | _ | 45 lad | case |
| 44 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 45 lad | det |
| 45 | lad | lad | NOUN | Number=Sing | 42 voice | nmod |
| 46 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 48 is | advmod |
| 47 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 48 is | nsubj |
| 48 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 42 voice | acl:relcl |
| 49 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 heard | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- other
- act
- narrate
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed form=other, act=narrate, polarity=none, voice=narrator
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hear | past | God | the voice of the lad | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer voice=Stimulus | ||||
| 2 | call | past | the angel of God | Hagar | heaven | vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to hagar=Recipient | |||
| 3 | say speech: assert | past | the angel of God not said here | unto Hagar | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||
| 4 | ail | present | thee | Hagar vocative | vn pain-40.8.1 «NP V NP.experiencer»: agent=Patient thou=Experiencer | ||||
| 5 | not fear | infinitive | vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | ||||||
| 6 | hear | present · perfect | God | the voice of the lad | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer voice=Stimulus |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וַיִּשְׁמַ֣ע אֱלֹהִים֮ אֶת־ק֣וֹל הַנַּעַר֒ וַיִּקְרָא֩ מַלְאַ֨ךְ אֱלֹהִ֤ים ׀ אֶל־הָגָר֙ מִן־הַשָּׁמַ֔יִם וַיֹּ֥אמֶר לָ֖הּ מַה־לָּ֣ךְ הָגָ֑ר אַל־תִּ֣ירְאִ֔י כִּֽי־שָׁמַ֧ע אֱלֹהִ֛ים אֶל־ק֥וֹל הַנַּ֖עַר בַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר הוּא־שָֽׁם׃
Genesis 21:17: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:GEN:558 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.558/