Genesis 4:2 · JPS 1917, sentence 2 of 2
And Abel was a keeper of sheep, but Cain was a tiller of the ground.
Who acts: Abel, Cain · What happens: be · To what, where: keeper, tiller
This is Genesis 4:2 · JPS 1917, sentence 2 of 2 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Abel, Cain), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 5 keeper | cc |
| 2 | Abel | Abel | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 keeper | nsubj |
| 3 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 keeper | cop |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 keeper | det |
| 5 | keeper | keeper | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 6 | of | of | ADP | _ | 7 sheep | case |
| 7 | sheep | sheep | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 keeper | nmod |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 tiller | punct |
| 9 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 13 tiller | cc |
| 10 | Cain | Cain | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 tiller | nsubj |
| 11 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 tiller | cop |
| 12 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 13 tiller | det |
| 13 | tiller | tiller | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 keeper | conj |
| 14 | of | of | ADP | _ | 16 ground | case |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 ground | det |
| 16 | ground | ground | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 tiller | nmod |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 keeper | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | past | Abel | a keeper but a tiller | of sheep | tree rules | |||
| 2 | is a | past | Cain | a tiller | of the ground | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וַתֹּ֣סֶף לָלֶ֔דֶת אֶת־אָחִ֖יו אֶת־הָ֑בֶל וַֽיְהִי־הֶ֙בֶל֙ רֹ֣עֵה צֹ֔אן וְקַ֕יִן הָיָ֖ה עֹבֵ֥ד אֲדָמָֽה׃
Genesis 4:2: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →
This verse in JPS 1917:
- And again she bore his brother Abel.
- And Abel was a keeper of sheep, but Cain was a tiller of the ground.
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:GEN:88 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.88/