Leviticus 22:18 · JPS 1917
Speak unto Aaron, and to his sons, and unto all the children of Israel, and say unto them: Whosoever he be of the house of Israel, or of the strangers in Israel, that bringeth his offering, whether it be any of their vows, or any of their free-will-offerings, which are brought unto the LORD for a burnt-offering;
Who acts: you, Whosoever, strangers, offering, LORD, children · What happens: speak, say, be, bring, burn, offer · To what, where: offering, any, will offerings · Speech: someone speaks here
This is Leviticus 22:18 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, Whosoever, strangers, offering), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Speak | speak | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 2 | unto | unto | ADP | _ | 3 Aaron | case |
| 3 | Aaron | Aaron | PROPN | Number=Sing | 1 Speak | obl |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 sons | punct |
| 5 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 sons | cc |
| 6 | to | to | ADP | _ | 8 sons | case |
| 7 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 8 sons | nmod:poss |
| 8 | sons | son | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 Aaron | conj |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 children | punct |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 children | cc |
| 11 | unto | unto | ADP | _ | 14 children | case |
| 12 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 14 children | det:predet |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 children | det |
| 14 | children | child | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 Aaron | conj |
| 15 | of | of | ADP | _ | 16 Israel | case |
| 16 | Israel | Israel | PROPN | Number=Sing | 14 children | nmod |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 say | punct |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 say | cc |
| 19 | say | say | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 1 Speak | conj |
| 20 | unto | unto | ADP | _ | 21 them | case |
| 21 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 say | obl |
| 22 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 28 house | punct |
| 23 | Whosoever | whosoever | PRON | PronType=Rel | 28 house | nsubj |
| 24 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 28 house | nsubj |
| 25 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 28 house | cop |
| 26 | of | of | ADP | _ | 28 house | case |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 house | det |
| 28 | house | house | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 say | ccomp |
| 29 | of | of | ADP | _ | 30 Israel | case |
| 30 | Israel | Israel | PROPN | Number=Sing | 28 house | nmod |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 strangers | punct |
| 32 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 35 strangers | cc |
| 33 | of | of | ADP | _ | 35 strangers | case |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 strangers | det |
| 35 | strangers | stranger | NOUN | Number=Plur | 28 house | conj |
| 36 | in | in | ADP | _ | 37 Israel | case |
| 37 | Israel | Israel | PROPN | Number=Sing | 35 strangers | nmod |
| 38 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 40 bringeth | punct |
| 39 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 40 bringeth | nsubj |
| 40 | bringeth | bring | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 35 strangers | acl:relcl |
| 41 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 42 offering | nmod:poss |
| 42 | offering | offering | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 bringeth | obj |
| 43 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 47 any | punct |
| 44 | whether | whether | SCONJ | _ | 47 any | mark |
| 45 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 47 any | nsubj |
| 46 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 47 any | cop |
| 47 | any | any | PRON | PronType=Ind | 40 bringeth | advcl |
| 48 | of | of | ADP | _ | 50 vows | case |
| 49 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 50 vows | nmod:poss |
| 50 | vows | vow | NOUN | Number=Plur | 47 any | nmod |
| 51 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 53 any | punct |
| 52 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 53 any | cc |
| 53 | any | any | PRON | PronType=Ind | 47 any | conj |
| 54 | of | of | ADP | _ | 60 offerings | case |
| 55 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 60 offerings | nmod:poss |
| 56 | free | free | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 58 will | amod |
| 57 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 58 will | punct |
| 58 | will | will | NOUN | Number=Sing | 60 offerings | compound |
| 59 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 58 will | punct |
| 60 | offerings | offering | NOUN | Number=Plur | 53 any | nmod |
| 61 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 64 brought | punct |
| 62 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 64 brought | nsubj:pass |
| 63 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 64 brought | aux:pass |
| 64 | brought | bring | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 60 offerings | acl:relcl |
| 65 | unto | unto | ADP | _ | 67 LORD | case |
| 66 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 67 LORD | det |
| 67 | LORD | LORD | PROPN | Number=Sing | 64 brought | obl |
| 68 | for | for | ADP | _ | 72 offering | case |
| 69 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 72 offering | det |
| 70 | burnt | burn | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 72 offering | amod |
| 71 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 72 offering | punct |
| 72 | offering | offering | NOUN | Number=Sing | 64 brought | obl |
| 73 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 1 Speak | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- command
- act
- request
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | speak speech: other | imperative | you not said here | unto Aaron and LORD's sons and all children of Israel | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | say speech: assert | infinitive | you not said here | unto children = child | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | is | infinitive | Whosoever | of the house or the strangers in Israel; of Israel | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | bring | present | the strangers in Israel | LORD's offering | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent offering=Theme | ||||
| 5 | is a | infinitive | offering | any | of children's vows | tree rules | |||
| 6 | bring | present · passive | children's will offerings | unto the LORD; for a burnt offering | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: subject=Theme | ||||
| 7 | burn | participle | vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 8 | offer | LORD | nom offering «communication transitive»: poss=agent | ||||||
| 9 | vow | children = child | nom vow «communication transitive»: poss=agent | ||||||
| 10 | offer | children = child | nom offering «communication transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
דַּבֵּ֨ר אֶֽל־אַהֲרֹ֜ן וְאֶל־בָּנָ֗יו וְאֶל֙ כָּל־בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וְאָמַרְתָּ֖ אֲלֵהֶ֑ם אִ֣ישׁ אִישׁ֩ מִבֵּ֨ית יִשְׂרָאֵ֜ל וּמִן־הַגֵּ֣ר בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל אֲשֶׁ֨ר יַקְרִ֤יב קָרְבָּנוֹ֙ לְכָל־נִדְרֵיהֶם֙ וּלְכָל־נִדְבוֹתָ֔ם אֲשֶׁר־יַקְרִ֥יבוּ לַיהוָ֖ה לְעֹלָֽה׃
Leviticus 22:18: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:LEV:649 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/LEV.649/