Leviticus 25:14 · JPS 1917
And if thou sell aught unto thy neighbour, or buy of thy neighbour's hand, ye shall not wrong one another.
Who acts: thou, ye · What happens: sell, buy, not wrong · To what, where: aught, one
This is Leviticus 25:14 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (thou, ye), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 wrong | cc |
| 2 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 4 sell | mark |
| 3 | thou | thou | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 4 sell | nsubj |
| 4 | sell | sell | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 21 wrong | advcl |
| 5 | aught | aught | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 sell | obj |
| 6 | unto | unto | ADP | _ | 8 neighbour | case |
| 7 | thy | thy | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 8 neighbour | nmod:poss |
| 8 | neighbour | neighbour | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 sell | obl |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 buy | punct |
| 10 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 11 buy | cc |
| 11 | buy | buy | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 sell | conj |
| 12 | of | of | ADP | _ | 16 hand | case |
| 13 | thy | thy | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 14 neighbour | nmod:poss |
| 14 | neighbour | neighbour | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 hand | nmod:poss |
| 15 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 14 neighbour | case |
| 16 | hand | hand | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 buy | obl |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 sell | punct |
| 18 | ye | ye | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 21 wrong | nsubj |
| 19 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 21 wrong | aux |
| 20 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 21 wrong | advmod |
| 21 | wrong | wrong | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 22 | one | one | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Rcp | 21 wrong | obj |
| 23 | another | another | PRON | PronType=Rcp | 22 one | flat |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 21 wrong | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- narrate
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- neg
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | sell a condition, not said to happen | present | thou | aught | unto thy neighbour | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent aught=Theme | |||
| 2 | buy | infinitive | thou not said here | of thy neighbour's hand | vn accept-77.1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | not wrong | shall | ye | one | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וְכִֽי־תִמְכְּר֤וּ מִמְכָּר֙ לַעֲמִיתֶ֔ךָ א֥וֹ קָנֹ֖ה מִיַּ֣ד עֲמִיתֶ֑ךָ אַל־תּוֹנ֖וּ אִ֥ישׁ אֶת־אָחִֽיו׃
Leviticus 25:14: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:LEV:747 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/LEV.747/