Estonia, sentence 69

From Wikipedia, «Estonia», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

In 1435, a treaty establishing the Livonian Confederation was signed by representatives of the Livonian Order, the bishoprics, and the major cities.

Who acts: treaty, representatives · What happens: establish, sign · To what, where: Livonian Confederation, treaty, 1435

This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Estonia». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (treaty, representatives), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	2 1435	case
2	1435	1435	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	11 signed	obl
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	2 1435	punct
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 treaty	det
5	treaty	treaty	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 signed	nsubj:pass
6	establishing	establish	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 treaty	acl
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 Confederation	det
8	Livonian	Livonian	PROPN	Number=Sing	9 Confederation	compound
9	Confederation	Confederation	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 establishing	obj
10	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	11 signed	aux:pass
11	signed	sign	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
12	by	by	ADP	_	13 representatives	case
13	representatives	representative	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 signed	obl:agent
14	of	of	ADP	_	17 Order	case
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	17 Order	det
16	Livonian	Livonian	PROPN	Number=Sing	17 Order	compound
17	Order	Order	PROPN	Number=Sing	13 representatives	nmod
18	,	,	PUNCT	_	20 bishoprics	punct
19	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	20 bishoprics	det
20	bishoprics	bishopric	NOUN	Number=Plur	17 Order	conj
21	,	,	PUNCT	_	25 cities	punct
22	and	and	CCONJ	_	25 cities	cc
23	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	25 cities	det
24	major	major	ADJ	Degree=Pos	25 cities	amod
25	cities	city	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 signed	obl
26	.	.	PUNCT	_	11 signed	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	establish	gerund	a treaty not said here	the Livonian Confederation					vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent confederation=Patient
2	sign	past · passive	representatives of the Livonian Order and the bishoprics	a treaty		1435		the major cities obl	vn image_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.theme PP.destination»: agent=Agent subject=Theme in 1435=Destination

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: the English Wikipedia, «Estonia», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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