without

«without» in Mova's early modern english dictionary: outside; beyond — its meaning for a pupil, its sense in the lessons and examples, with 5 sentences of Mova's corpora that use it.

kind

archaic sense

modern equivalent

outside; beyond

part of speech

preposition

meaning for a pupil

Outside of; not inside a place (as in "without the city"). tree →

how it differs from today

Today "without" means "lacking" or "not having". The first sentence uses the old sense of "outside", while the other two use today's sense of lacking.

examples

• And they brought him forth, and set him without the city. (Torah GEN.19.16, JPS 1917) tree →
• "What runs without feet?" says he. (More English Fairy Tales) tree →
• 21) The combination of the twenty-two letters without permutation is represented in the following table: (Sefer Yetzirah, Kalisch 1877) tree →

primary record

outside

tests

manual 10.1; corpora 2038 (Torah 93, tales 1934, Sefer Yetzirah 11); EWT 67; ratio 1.7 (Torah alone 1.6); Wiktionary archaic (first sense)

In the corpora

• And Ham, the father of Canaan, saw the nakedness of his father, and told his two brethren without.
• And they brought him forth, and set him without the city.
• And if he do not these three unto her, then shall she go out for nothing, without money.
• And he overlaid it with pure gold within and without, and made a crown of gold to it round about.
• And he put the table in the tent of meeting, upon the side of the tabernacle northward, without the veil.

Trees and pragmatics

Every meaning and example of «without» parsed by Mova, each sentence with its dependency tree and frames.