גֶּפֶן

n.f. Ju 9:13 + (m. only Ho 10:1, perhaps infl. of יִשְׂרָאֵל, 2 K 4:39) vine (NH id., Arabic جَفْنٌ (Yemen), Assyrian gapnu, cf. ZehnpfundBAS i. 633; Aramaic גּוֹפַן, גֶּפֶן, ܓܦܶܬܳܐ, pl. ܓܘܽܦ̈ܢܶܐ )—ג׳ Gn 40:9 + 38 times (also cstr., as Nu 6:4 Dt 32:32 Is 16:8, 9), גָּ֑פֶן Ju 9:12 + 2 times; sf. גַּפְנִי Jo 1:7, גַּפְנְךָ Je 5:17, גַּפְנוֹ 1 K 5:5 + 3 times, גַּפְנָהּ Ho 2:14, גַּפְנָם Dt 32:32 + 2 times; pl. גְּפָנִים Ct 2:13 Hb 3:17—vine (always grape-bearing except 2 K 4:39) Gn 40:9, 10 (in dream) 49:11 Nu 20:5 Dt 8:8 Ju 9:12, 13 (in allegory) 1 K 5:5 2 K 18:31 = Is 36:16, ψ 78:47; 105:33 Ct 2:13; 6:11; 7:13 Is 7:23; 24:7; 32:12 Je 5:17; 8:13 Ho 2:14 Jo 1:7, 12; 2:22 Mi 4:4 Hb 3:17 Hg 2:19 Zc 2:10; 8:12 Mal 3:11; גֶּפֶן שָׂדֶה a vine bearing poisonous gourds 2 K 4:39; גֶּפֶן הַיַּיִן Nu 6:4 (cf. Gn 40:10 Ju 9:13) Ju 13:14; אֶשְׁכְּלוֹת הַגֶּפֶן Ct 7:9; עֵץ הַגֶּפֶן Ez 15:2, 6; in simile of stars fading away at Yahweh’s judgment Is 34:4; in simile of wicked losing early promise Jb 15:33; in simile of wife ψ 128:3; fig. of Israel ψ 80:9, 15 Ez 17:6(×2), 7, 8 Ho 10:1 cf. Ez 19:10, Je 2:21; 6:9; also Ho 14:8; fig. of Israel as easily destroyed Ez 15:2, 6; fig. of godless enemies of Israel Dt 32:32 cf. Di; גֶּפֶן שִׂבְמָה fig. for prosperity of Moab Is 16:8, 9 Je 48:32.—On the vine in Syria cf. AnderlindZPV 1888, 160 ff.