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הַר

«הַר» in the Tanakh dictionary: mountain — how often it is used, MACULA's glosses, its meanings in the printed dictionaries and why they were chosen, and 2 verses in layers.

Used: 558 times · Key: 2022 · BDB: הַר²

Glosses

the.mountain (160); mountains (97); mountain (84)

Meaning (OSHB)

mountain tree →

Meaning (BDB 1906)

n.m. tree →

The whole BDB entry

n.m. Gn 7:19 mountain, hill, hill-country (NH id., pl. הָרִים, הֲרָרִים; Ph. הר †CIS i. 3, 17; Sab. sf. הרתהמו DHMZMG 1876, 673);—ה׳ abs. Jos 17:18 +; c. art. הָהָר Ex 3:12 +; c. ָה loc. הֶ֫רָה Gn 14:10, הָהָ֫רָה Gn 12:8 + 12 times; cstr. הַר Gn 10:30 +; sf. הַרֲרִי ψ 30:8, הֲרָרִי Je 17:3; הַרְכֶם ψ 11:1; הַרֲרָם Gn 14:6; pl. הָרִים Dt 11:11 +; c. art. הֶהָרִים Gn 7:19 +; cstr. הָרֵי Gn 8:4 + 27 times; הַרֲרֵי Dt 33:15 + 8 times (all poet.); sf. הָרַי Is 14:25; 49:11 Zc 14:5 + Ez 38:21 (B Co חרדה), הָרָ֑י Is 65:9; הָרָיו Ez 35:8 Mal 1:3; הֲרָרֶיהָ Dt 8:9;— mountain, hill (these often not sharply distinguished, but): specif. mountain, high elevation, often in all the literature;—e.g. הַר סִינַי Mount Sinai (properly, the Mount of Sinai; so always) †Ex 19:11, 18, 20, 23; 24:16; 31:18; 34:2, 4, 29, 32 Lv 7:38; 25:1; 26:46; 27:34 Nu 3:1; 28:6 Ne 9:13 (v. סִינַי); also הָהָר = id., Ex 19:2 + 10 times Ex 19 (v 18 read הָעָם, so Codd. 𝔊 Di) 20:18; 24:4 + 6 times Ex 24; 25:40; 26:30; 27:8; 32:1, 15, 19; 34:2, 3(×2), 29; = הַר חוֹרֵב †Ex 33:6 (v. חֹרֵב), also אֶל־הַר הָאֱלֹהִים חֹרֵ֑בָה Ex 3:1, עַד הַר הָאֱלֹהִים חֹרֵב 1 K 19:8; further הָהָר = id., Dt 4:11(×2); 5:4, 5, 19, 20; 9:9 + 10 times Dt 9.10, 1 K 19:11; = הַר הָאֱלֹהִים Ex 4:27; 18:5; 24:13 (all JE) = הַר יהוה Nu 10:33 (cf. Di); v. further הֹר הָהָר Hor the mount (so always) Nu 20:22 + 10 times Nu; Dt 32:50; = הָהָר Nu 20:28(×2); הַר נְבוֹ Dt 32:49; 34:1 = הָהָר 32:50; = הַר הָעֲבָרִים הַזֶּה Nu 27:12 Dt 32:49, cf. (לִפְנֵי נְבוֹ) הָרֵי הָעֲבָרִים Nu 33:47, 48; הַר גְּרִזִּים Mt. Gerizim †Dt 11:29; 27:12 Jos 8:33; רֹאשׁ הַר־גְּרִזִּים Ju 9:7; הַר עֵיבָ֑ל Mt. Ebal †Dt 11:29; 27:4, 13 Jos 8:30, 33; also הַר חֶרְמוֹן Mt. Hermon Dt 3:8 Jos 11:17; 12:1, 5; 13:5, 11 1 Ch 5:23; cf. Dt 4:48 הַר שִׂראֹן הוּא חֶרְמוֹן (v. חֶרְמוֹן), & הַר בַּעַל חֶרְמוֹן (v. id., & בעל חרמון sub בעל); הַר הַלְּבָנוֹן Mt. Lebanon Ju 3:3, cf. מְרוֹם הָרִים יַרְכְּתֵי לְבָנוֹן 2 K 19:23 = Is 37:24 (v. לבנון); הַר הַכַּרְמֶ֑ל Mt. Carmel 1 K 18:19, 20 2 K 2:25; 4:25 (v. כרמל); הָהָר = id., 4:27, appar. also 1:9; הַר תָּבוֹר Mt. Tabor, Ju 4:6, 12, 14, cf. Je 46:18 תָּבוֹר בֶּהָרִים (opp. כַּרְמֶל בַּיָּם); הַר הַגִּלְבֹּעַ 1 S 31:1, 8 2 S 1:6, also (poet.) הָרֵי בַּגּ׳ v 21 (cf. Dr); הַר־חֶרֶס Ju 1:35 (Stu עָר חֶרֶס) cf. חֶרֶס; הַר הַזֵּיתִים Zc 14:4(×2) Mount of Olives, (opp. גֵּיא) cf. הָהָר אֲשֶׁר מִקֶּדֶם לָעִיר Ez 11:23; also בָּהָר אֲשֶׁר עַל־פְּנֵי יְרוּשָׁלִַם 1 K 11:7 (place of Sol.’s idolary) = הַר־הַמַּשְׁחִית 2 K 23:13 mt. of the destroyer (same combin. in another, fig. sense Je 51:25), others der. הַמ׳ here from משׁח anoint, and render as = Mt. of Olives (cited as הר המשׁחה Talm, Shabb. 56 b), cf. HoffmZAW 1882, 175; אַחַד הֶהָרִים in land of Moriah Gn 22:2; mts. about Jerus. in gen., יְרוּשָׁלִַם הָרִים סָבִיב לָהּ ψ 125:2; cf. also ψ 121:1 (‖ יהוה); הָהָר of citadel of Jerus. Is 22:5; of temple hill הַר הַבַּיִת Mi 3:12 = Je 26:18; הַר בֵּית־י׳ Is 2:2 = Mi 4:1, 2 Ch 33:15; also הֲרָרִי בַּשָּׂדֶה Je 17:3; further הַר צִיּוֹן Mt. Zion Is 4:5; 8:18; 10:12; 18:7; 24:23; 29:8; 31:4; 37:32 Mi 4:7 La 5:18 Ob 17 Jo 3:5 ψ 48:3, 12; 74:2; 78:68; 125:1 (v. also צִיּוֹן); comp. הַר בַּ֯ית־צִיּוֹן Is 10:32, הַר בַּת צ׳ 16:1; הַר־י׳ Is 2:3 = Mi 4:2, Is 30:29 ψ 24:3; (id. of Horeb Nu 10:33 JE); הַר־י׳ צְבָאוֹת הַר הַקֹּדֶשׁ Zc 8:3, הַר־קָדְשִׁי Zp 3:11 Ob 16 Ez 20:40 Is 11:9 = 65:25, cf. 56:7; 57:13; 65:11 Jo 2:1 (‖ צִיּוֹן) 4:17 (‖ id.) ψ 2:6 (‖ id.) 3:5; 15:1; 43:3; 48:2; v. further הַר־קָדְשִׁי יְרוּשָׁלִַם Is 66:20 cf. Dn 9:16 & הַר הַקֹּדֶשׁ יְרוּשָׁלִַם Is 27:13; also הַר צְבִי־קֹדֶשׁ Dn 11:45; הַר־הַקֹּדֶשׁ Je 31:23; even הַר קֹדֶשׁ אֱלֹהַי Dn 9:20; other designations of temple-hill are הָהָר חָמַד א׳ לְשִׁבְתּוֹ ψ 68:17, & הַר מְרוֹם יִשְׂרָאֵל Ez 17:23; 20:40 (‖ הַר־קָדְשִׁי); הַר קֹדֶשׁ אֱלֹהִים Ez 28:14 of the distant abode of God (or gods?) so הַר אֱלֹהִים v 16 (הַר־אֱלֹהִים ψ 68:16 is general, a God’s mountain, i.e. a majestic mt., likewise in simile מִשְׁפָּטֶיךָ כְּהַרֲרֵי־אֵל ψ 36:7);—הַר הָאֱלֹהִים elsewhere of Horeb (Sinai) Ex 4:27; 18:5; 24:13 1 K 19:8 (v. supr.). Note partic. †הַר־מוֹעֵד Is 14:13 mountain of meeting or of assembly, i.e. the dwelling-place of the gods, according to Babylonian conception, here represented as in the far north, v. especially Che De Di, DlPa 117 ff. COT ad loc. Jr 57 ff. Jen Kosmologie 23. Upon the mt. is עָל־הָהָר cf. וַתֵּבְךְּ עַל־בְּתוּלֶיהָ עַל־הֶהָרִים Ju 11:38, & the peculiar phr. וְאֵלְכָה וְיָרַדְתִּי עַל־הֶהָרִים v 37; go up upon עָלָה אֶל־ Ex 19:23; 24:13; 34:4 (all JE); cf. acc. in הַעַל אֹתָם הֹר הָהָר Nu 20:25; speak with one upon is דבר בהר Ex 31:18; 34:32 Nu 3:1 (all P), Lv 25:1 (H), cf. command, give commands, law, etc., בהר Lv 7:38; 26:46; 27:34 (all P or H); other phrases with בְּ upon (lit. in, i.e. in the midst of a group of mts.) Ex 34:3 בְּכָל (JE) 25:40; 26:30; 27:8 Nu 28:6 (all P), Is 13:4; but בְּחֹרֵב ψ 106:19 = at Horeb, בְּהֹר הָהָר Nu 33:37 at Mt. Hor; go down from the mt. is יָרַד מִן־הָהָר Ex 32:1, 15 (both JE) 34:29(×2) (both P), cf. Ju 9:36 etc. mountain-range הַר־בָּשָׁן ψ 68:16(×2) = הַר־אֱלֹהִים v 16; = הַר־גַּבְנֻנִּים v 16, הָרִים גַּבְנֻנִּים v 17 (of the Jebel Hauran: v. בשׁן). mountain, indef., Jb 14:18 (‖ צוּר); usually pl. mountains, in general, or the mountains, especially in poet. & the higher style; often fig.; הָרִים, הֶהָרִים, covered by flood Gn 7:20 cf. v 19; 8:5; covered by waters & freed therefrom by word of God (at creation) ψ 104:6; a chief work of God (in creation) Am 4:13 ψ 65:7; 90:2 Pr 8:25 (‖ גְּבָעוֹת); weighed by God Is 40:12; removed and overturned in anger of God Jb 9:5 cf. ψ 46:3, 4; devastated by God Is 42:15 (‖ גְּבָעוֹת) cf. Je 9:9; smoking at God’s touch ψ 104:32; 144:5; melting at presence of י׳ Ju 5:5 Mi 1:4 ψ 97:5 Is 63:19; 64:2; trembling Is 5:25 cf. Je 4:24 (‖ גְּבָעוֹת), Na 1:5 (‖ id.), Hb 3:10; called to witness Yahweh’s dealings with his people Mi 6:2 (‖ הָאֵתָנִים מֹסְדֵי אָ֑רֶץ) cf. v 1 (‖ הַגְּבָעוֹת), entreated to cover the guilty Ho 10:8 (‖ גְּבָעוֹת); addressed by י׳ also Ez 6:3 (‖ גְּבָעוֹת, opp. אֲפִיקִים, גֵּאָוֹת); specif., mts. of Israel summoned to hear י׳ and addressed by him Ez 36:1(×2), 4, 8; 37:22; 38:8; 39:2, 4; summoned to praise י׳ ψ 148:9 (‖ גְּבָעוֹת) cf. Is 44:23; 49:13; 55:12 (‖ גְּבָעוֹת); leaping in praise of י׳ ψ 114:4, 6 (both ‖ גְּבָעוֹת); הַרֲרֵי־קֶדֶם Dt 33:15 (‖ גִּבְעוֹת עוֹלָם); הַרֲרֵי־עַד Hb 3:6 (‖ id.); הַרֲרֵי־עַד also ψ 76:5 (according to 𝔊 Bi Che; MT has טֶרֶף for עַד), and prob. Gn 49:26 for MT הוֹרַי עַד (‖ גִּבְעֹת עוֹלָם) cf. Di high mt. הַר גָּבֹהַּ Is 30:25 (‖ גִּבְעָה נִשָּׂאָה) cf. 40:9; 52:7; הַר גָּבֹהַּ מְאֹד Ez 40:2; הַר גָּבֹהַּ וְתָלוּל Ez 17:22; pl. הֶהָרִים הַגְּבֹהִים Gn 7:19 ψ 104:18 (‖ סְלָעִים), הֶה׳ הָרָמִים Is 2:14 as symbol of strength and pride (‖ הַגְּבָעוֹת הַנִּשָּׂאוֹת), cf. הֶהָרִים Ez 38:20 (‖ מַדְרֵגוֹת, חוֹמָה). opp. valley or plain Jos 12:8 (D; opp. מִדְּבָּר, אֲשֵׁדוֹת, עֲרָבָה, שְׁפֵלָה), cf. Dt 1:7, also Je 17:26 (opp. שְׁפֵלָה); Gn 19:17 (J; opp. כִּכָּר); often opp. גַּיְא 2 K 2:16 Ez 31:12 (fig.) 32:5 (id.) 35:8 (‖ גִּבְעָה), 36:4 (‖ id.), Is 40:4 (‖ id.), opp. בִּקְעָה Dt 8:7; 11:11 ψ 104:8; opp. מִדְבָּר La 4:19 (cf. Jos 12:8 supr.); בֵּין הָרִים ψ 104:10 is ‖ בַּנְּחָלִים; see also אֱלֹהֵי הָרִים י׳ וְלֹא־אֱלֹהֵי עֲמָקִים 1 K 20:28, cf. v 23 (opp. מִישׁוֹר); note also הַר הָעֵמֶק Jos 13:19 (P), & גֵּיא־הָרַי, גֵּי־הָרִים Zc 14:5(×2); further מִדְבַּר הָרִים ψ 75:7 mountainous desert Vrss. & most mod. (Baer מִדְבָּר but cf. De); mountain-ward is הֶ֫רָה Gn 14:10. mts. as hiding-places:—הַמִּנְהָרוֹת אֲשֶׁר בֶּהָרִים Ju 6:2 the burrows (Stanley, VB) which are in the mts.; cf. ψ 11:1 Je 16:16 (‖ גִּבְעָה); הָפַךְ מִשֹּׁרֶשׁ הָרִים Jb 28:9 (of mining), v. also Dt 8:9. mts. as running-place of gazelles 1 Ch 12:8; of leopards הַרֲרֵי נְמֵרִים Ct 4:8; hunting-ground for partridges 1 S 26:20; עוֹף הָרִים ψ 50:11 cf. 11:1 (fig.); wandering-place of lost sheep (fig.) Na 3:18 1 K 22:17 Je 50:6 cf. v 6 (‖ גִּבְעָה), Ez 34:6 (‖ כָּל־גִּבְעָה רָמָה) 2 Ch 18:16. grazing-places for cattle בְּהֵמוֹת בְּהַרֲרֵי־אָ֑לֶף ψ 50:10 (read אֵל for אלף Ol Bi Che), cf. וְתוּר הָרִים Jb 39:8 of pasture of wild ass; also (si vera l.) בּוּל הָרִים Jb 40:20, i.e. mts. as furnishing food for hippopot.; v. further Ct 4:6; 8:14 Pr 27:25. as place of field and vineyards 2 Ch 26:10 (opp. שְׁפֵלָה, מִישׁוֹר) Is 7:25; v. also הַמַּצְמִיחַ הָרִים חָצִיר ψ 147:8 cf., Hg 1:11; fig. ψ 72:3 (‖ גְּבָעוֹת); in promise יִטְּפוּ הֶהָרִים עָסִיס וְהַגְּבָעוֹתּ תֵּלַכְּנָה חָלָב Jo 4:18 cf. Am 9:13; as kindled into flame (i.e. their forests; in sim.) ψ 83:15. k. as scene of massacre, (fig.) Is 34:3 melting with blood; as place of battle array, height 1 S 17:3(×2). l. as places of illicit worship Is 65:7 (‖ גְּבָעוֹת) cf. Je 3:6 & appar. v 25 (‖ id.) so הַר־גָּבֹהַּ וְנִשָּׂא Is 57:7, הֶהָרִים הָרָמִים Dt 12:2 (‖ הַגְּבָעוֹת); but Ez 18:6, 15 read perhaps הַדָּם for הרים cf. RSK 310 & 33:25. m. in various combinations צַד הָהָר 1 S 23:26(×2) 2 S 13:34 side of the mt., צֵלַע הָהָר 16:13 id.; מֹץ הָרִים Is 17:13 chaff of mts.; זֶרֶם הָרִים Jb 24:8 mountain-shower; צֵל הֶהָרִים Ju 9:36 shadow of the mts.; מִבֵּין שְׁנֵי הָרִים וְהֶהָרִים הָרֵי נְחשֶׁת Zc 6:1; top of mt. usually רֹאשׁ הָהָר Nu 14:40, 44 1 S 26:13 2 K 1:9; as place for beacon Is 30:17 (‖ גִּבְעָה), (cf. הַר־נִשְׁפֶּה 13:2 & נְשֹׂא־נֵס הָרִים Is 18:3), רֹאשׁ הֶהָרִים Is 2:2 = Mi 4:1, רֹאשׁ הָרִים Is 42:11 (‖ סֶלַע as dwelling-place) v. also ψ 72:16; רָאשֵׁי הֶהָרִים Gn 8:5; as lurking-places for ambuscade Ju 9:25, 36, places for altars Ez 6:13 (‖ גִּבְעָה רָמָה), for sacrifice Ho 4:13 (‖ הַגְּבָעוֹת); רֹאשׁ הָהָר Jos 15:8 = mt.-ridge, cf. v 9 Ju 16:3; תּוֹעֲפוֹת הָרִים ψ 95:4; foundations of mts. מוֹסְדֵי הָרִים Dt 32:22 ψ 18:8 (‖ מוֹסְדוֹת הַשָּׁמַיִם 2 S 22:8); cf. לְקִצְבֵי הָרִים יָרַדְתִּי Jon 2:7. n. in fig. uses: תָּדוּשׁ הָרִים וְתָדֹק וּגְבָעוֹת כַּמֹּץ תָּשִׂים Is 41:15 fig. of Isr.’s overcoming its foes; יִתְנַגְּפוּ רַגְלֵיכֶם עַל־הָרֵי נָ֑שֶׁף Je 13:16 of encountering hopeless calamities; הֶהָרִים Is 54:10 as less permanent & changeless than Yahweh’s kindness (‖ גְּבָעוֹת); הַר הַמַּשְׁחִית Je 51:25 & הַר שְׂרֵפָה v 25 fig. of Babylon. hill-country, mountain-region, opp. plain, etc.:—dwelling-place of Canaanites, הָהָר Nu 13:17, 29 (of promised land; opp. אֶרֶץ הַנֶּגֶב, הַיָּם & יַד־הַיַּרְדֵּן); בָּֽעֲרָבָה בָּהָר וּבַשְּׁפֵלָה וּבַנֶּגֶב וּבְחוֹף הַיָּם Dt 1:7; בָּהָר וּבָֽעֲרָבָה נֶגֶב כִּנֲּרוֹת וּבַשְּׁפֵלָה וּבְנָפוֹת דּוֹר מִיָּם Jos 11:2; בָּהָר וּבַשְּׁפֵלָה וּבָֽעֲרָבָה וּבָֽאֲשֵׁדוֹת וּבַמִּדְבָּר וּבַנֶּגֶב 12:8; cf. 9:1; 10:40 Ju 1:9; הָהָר indef. (the hill-country, the mountains, in gen.) 2 Ch 2:1 (place for hewing wood) so v 17; Ne 8:15 (place for cutting boughs), etc. of a particular mountain-region, hill-country: הַר הָאֱמֹרִי Dt 1:7 (cf. v 7) v 19 (cf. v 24), also Jos 10:6; of Amalekites Ju 12:15; of Ephraim Jos 17:15; 19:50; 20:7; 21:21; 24:30, 33 Ju 3:27; 4:5; 7:24; 9:48; 17:1 + 6 times Ju 17, 1 S 1:1; 9:4; 14:22 2 S 20:21 1 K 4:8; 12:25 2 K 5:22 1 Ch 6:52 2 Ch 13:4; 15:8; 19:4 Je 4:15; 31:6; Ephraim and Gilead 50:19 (cf. also (ה)הר Jos 17:16, 18 Ju 3:27); of Israel Jos 11:16, 21, cf. הָרֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל Ez 6:2; 19:9; 33:28; 34:13; 35:12; הָרֵי מְרוֹם יִשְׂרָאֵל Ez 17:23; 20:40 (‖ הַר־קָדְשִׁי) 34:14; עָרֵי הָהָר i.e. in mountain-country Dt 2:37 (of Ammonites), Je 32:44; 33:13; hill-country of Judah Jos 11:21; 15:48; 18:12; 20:7; 21:11; 2 Ch 21:11 (הָרֵי יהודה) 27:4; abode of Jebusites Jos 11:3.

Why these entries: BDB: headword, part of speech agrees, 355 of its verses cited, 0 words shared with the glosses, lists its Strong's number (6 candidates); OSHB: headword, part of speech agrees, 1 words shared with the BDB entry, 1 with the glosses (3 candidates)

Trees and pragmatics

Every English meaning of «הַר» parsed by Mova, each sentence with its dependency tree and frames.

In the verses

Psalms 76:5

נָ֭אוֹר אַתָּ֥ה אַדִּ֗יר מֵֽהַרְרֵי־טָֽרֶף׃

Word for word: [are].lighted.up you [are].majestic more than.mountains of.prey

JPS 1917: Glorious art Thou and excellent, coming down from the mountains of prey.

Psalms 98:8

נְהָר֥וֹת יִמְחֲאוּ־כָ֑ף יַ֝֗חַד הָרִ֥ים יְרַנֵּֽנוּ׃

Word for word: rivers let.them.clap a.palm together mountains let.them.sing.for.joy

JPS 1917: Let the floods clap their hands; let the mountains sing for joy together;

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