עָצַב

vb. hurt, pain, grieve (NH Nithp. and in deriv.; 𝔗 עֲצַב be in pain (rare); Ethiopic ዐጸበ: be hard, difficult; LagBN 50, cf. 201 cp. Arabic غَضِبَ be angry, but dub.);— Pf. 3 ms. sf. עֲצָבוֹ 1 K 1:6 his father had not pained him (𝔊 Klo Gr עֲצָרוֹ, but v. Benz); ins. עָצַב (with other words) 2 S 13:21 𝔊 Ew Th We Kit Bu HPS; Inf. cstr. sf. לְבִלְתִּי עָצְבִּי 1 Ch 4:10 that it (רָעָה) may not pain me; Pt. pass. cstr. עֲצוּבַת רוּחַ Is 54:6 hurt in spirit (of Zion under fig. of deserted wife). Pf. 3 ms. נֶעְצַב 1 S 20:34 be pained for (אֶל pers.; del. 𝔊 HPS); נֶעֱצַב 2 S 19:3 the king is in pain (is grieving) for (עַל pers.); Impf. 3 ms. יֵעָצֵב 1 S 20:3 lest he be pained; + בָּהֶם instr. Ec 10:9 shall be hurt by them (i.e. אֲבָנִים; only here of physical pain); 2 mpl. תֵּעָֽצְבוּ Gn 45:5 be not grieved (+ יִחַר; sq. כִּי that ye sold me), cf. Ne 8:10, 11 (abs.) do not grieve. Pf. 3 pl. עִצְּבוּ c. acc. Is 63:10 they vexed his holy spirit (+ מָרוּ); Impf. 3 mpl. דְּבָרַי יְעַצֵּ֑בוּ ψ 56:6 my affairs they vex (Thes al.), but improb., בְּדָבָר יְע׳ with speech they vex (me). Impf. 3 mpl. sf. יַעֲצִיבוּהוּ ψ 78:40 they used to cause him [י׳] pain. Impf. 3 ms. וַיִּתְעַצֵּב אֶל־לִבּוֹ Gn 6:6 and he was vexed to his heart (of י׳; ‖ וַיִּנָּחֶם); 3 mpl. וַיִּתְעַצְּבוּ Gn 34:7 (+ וַיִּחַר, sq. clause with כִּי).