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Sound Changes in the (Pre-)Masoretic Reading Tradition and the Original Pronunciation of Biblical Aramaic

What it is about

The biblical text was handed down for about a thousand years as a consonantal text plus an oral reading tradition, and the reading tradition kept changing. Because Biblical Aramaic was read in the same tradition as Biblical Hebrew, Suchard uses it as a control: a sound change found in both languages probably happened in the shared reading tradition (first millennium CE); one found in only one language probably happened earlier, in the living language. Shared changes include the lengthening of accented vowels, *w > [v], pretonic shortening, pharyngealised r, the echo vowel after a guttural, rounding of *ā to å, segolisation, the vocalisation of proclitics (וּ before labials and clusters), begadkefat spirantisation, vowel reduction and *i/*u > e/o. Hebrew-only changes include the stress shift off open short syllables and major pausal lengthening, which come earlier in the relative chronology. Undoing the shared changes gives the Aramaic pronunciation as fixed in the reading tradition, shown for Dan 7:7, and that reconstruction does not always match the consonantal text.

Ideas

For Mova

I1 goes into Phonology of Biblical Hebrew (historical sound changes, reading traditions). I2 is a small validator in tools/macula and a table in 05-pronouns-particles.md (the conjunction). I3 is for any diacritisation work on hbo. I4 belongs to the Aramaic manual.

Cite

The paper itself, not this card. BibTeX from the library's record of the work. DOI 10.23993/store.74104

@inproceedings{suchard2019sound,
  title = {{Sound Changes in the (Pre-)Masoretic Reading Tradition and the Original Pronunciation of Biblical Aramaic}},
  author = {Suchard, Benjamin D.},
  booktitle = {Studia Orientalia Electronica},
  year = {2019},
  doi = {10.23993/store.74104},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.23993/store.74104}
}

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