UD_Italian-Old

Treebank card from UD release 2.18: metadata and texts come from UD_Italian-Old/README.md; size is counted by streaming the .conllu files and checked against the release stats.xml. Generated by tools/treebanks build; do not edit by hand. Papers: Papers: UD_Italian-Old; seeds: seeds/; converter: convert.md.

Annotation layers

UD scale: manual native — annotated by hand directly in UD; converted from manual — converted from manual annotation in another scheme; converted with corrections — converted and partly corrected by hand; automatic with corrections — automatic, with partial manual corrections; automatic — automatic; not available — the layer is absent.

Size

Tokens are surface tokens (Spanish vámonos is one), words are syntactic words (vamos + nos); multiword tokens are those split into several words; empty nodes are the N.M nodes of the enhanced graph.

Summary

Italian-Old is a treebank containing Dante Alighieri's Comedy (composed between approximately 1306 and 1321), based on the 1994 Petrocchi edition and taken from the DanteSearch corpus, originally created at the University of Pisa, Italy. It is a treebank of Old Italian, specifically Florentine.

Introduction

This treebank includes 3 419 sentences (122 038 syntactic words) and is a literary text (poetry). It is divided into three sections, known as Cantiche: Inferno, Purgatorio, and Paradiso. Specifically, Inferno includes 1 228 sentences and 41 368 syntactic words; Purgatorio consists of 1 174 sentences and 41 277 syntactic words; while Paradiso contains 1 017 sentences and 39 393 syntactic words.

The treebank is split into three subsets, dev, test and train, with approximate ratios of 10%, 10%, and 80%, respectively, for Inferno, Purgatorio, and Paradiso. These subsets are then merged into unique dev, test and train sets.

The distribution of Inferno (tokens: 41 368) with respect to the subsets is as follows:

• train: 1002 sentences (OldItalian_Dante_Inferno-1; OldItalian_Dante_Inferno-1002) - 33104 tokens
• dev: 107 sentences (OldItalian_Dante_Inferno-1003; OldItalian_Dante_Inferno-1109) - 4136 tokens
• test: 119 sentences (OldItalian_Dante_Inferno-1110; OldItalian_Dante_Inferno-1228) - 4128 tokens

The distribution of Purgatorio (tokens: 41 277) with respect to the subsets is as follows:

• train: 958 sentences (OldItalian_Dante_Purgatorio-1; OldItalian_Dante_Purgatorio-958) - 33031 tokens
• dev: 100 sentences (OldItalian_Dante_Purgatorio-959; OldItalian_Dante_Purgatorio-1058) - 4130 tokens
• test: 116 sentences (OldItalian_Dante_Purgatorio-1059; OldItalian_Dante_Purgatorio-1174) - 4116 tokens

The distribution of Paradiso (tokens: 39 393) with respect to the subsets is as follows:

• train: 814 sentences (OldItalian_Dante_Paradiso-1; OldItalian_Dante_Paradiso-814) - 31546 tokens
• dev: 101 sentences (OldItalian_Dante_Paradiso-815; OldItalian_Dante_Paradiso-915) - 3951 tokens
• test: 102 sentences (OldItalian_Dante_Paradiso-916; OldItalian_Dante_Paradiso-1017) - 3896 tokens

The treebank also includes enhanced dependencies annotation, with a specific focus on the orphan dependency relation. For the criteria adopted in the enhanced annotation, please refer to the paper "«Are you Afraid of Ghosts?» A Proposal for Busting Predicate Ellipsis in Universal Dependencies" (Corbetta et al., 2025).

!! Italian-Old treebank is still under revision to check for mistakes and inconsistencies throughout the annotation of the Cantiche; therefore, its structure is subject to change. If you use the resource and find any problems, please do not hesitate to contact the author to suggest a correction or improvement.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/treebanks/it/old/