realise Who acts: plan, I, you, it, He, his · What happens: realise, mean, understand, become, make, come · To what, where: dream, plan, bag, bus, mistake, answer · Speech: someone speaks here
«realise» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: realise in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 To realise means to suddenly understand or become aware of something.
mark csubj mark advmod ccomp cc conj xcomp case obl punct root To PART realise VERB means VERB to PART suddenly ADV understand VERB or CCONJ become VERB aware ADJ of ADP something PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 realise mark 2 realise realise VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 means csubj 3 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 to to PART _ 6 understand mark 5 suddenly suddenly ADV _ 6 understand advmod 6 understand understand VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 means ccomp 7 or or CCONJ _ 8 become cc 8 become become VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 understand conj 9 aware aware ADJ Degree=Pos 8 become xcomp 10 of of ADP _ 11 something case 11 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 9 aware obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 3 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 realise to-infinitive tree rules 2 mean present vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 understand not said to happen to-infinitive suddenly property vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer 4 become infinitive aware property vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 To realise a dream or plan means to make it come true.
mark csubj det obj cc conj mark xcomp obj xcomp xcomp punct root To PART realise VERB a DET dream NOUN or CCONJ plan NOUN means VERB to PART make VERB it PRON come VERB true ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 realise mark 2 realise realise VERB VerbForm=Inf 7 means csubj 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 dream det 4 dream dream NOUN Number=Sing 2 realise obj 5 or or CCONJ _ 6 plan cc 6 plan plan NOUN Number=Sing 4 dream conj 7 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 8 to to PART _ 9 make mark 9 make make VERB VerbForm=Inf 7 means xcomp 10 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 9 make obj 11 come come VERB VerbForm=Inf 9 make xcomp 12 true true ADJ Degree=Pos 11 come xcomp 13 . . PUNCT _ 7 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 realise to-infinitive a dream or plan tree rules 2 mean present vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 make not said to happen to-infinitive plan tree rules 4 come not said to happen infinitive plan not said here true property vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 1 I suddenly realised I had left my bag on the bus.
nsubj advmod nsubj aux ccomp nmod:poss obj case det obl punct root I PRON suddenly ADV realised VERB I PRON had AUX left VERB my PRON bag NOUN on ADP the DET bus NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 3 realised nsubj 2 suddenly suddenly ADV _ 3 realised advmod 3 realised realise VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 6 left nsubj 5 had have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 6 left aux 6 left leave VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part 3 realised ccomp 7 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 8 bag nmod:poss 8 bag bag NOUN Number=Sing 6 left obj 9 on on ADP _ 11 bus case 10 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 bus det 11 bus bus NOUN Number=Sing 6 left obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 3 realised punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 realise past I suddenly property tree rules 2 leave past · perfect I my bag the bus vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent bag=Theme on bus=Location
Example 2 Did you realise it was raining?
aux nsubj nsubj aux ccomp punct root Did AUX you PRON realise VERB it PRON was AUX raining VERB ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Did do AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 realise aux 2 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 3 realise nsubj 3 realise realise VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 4 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 6 raining nsubj 5 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 6 raining aux 6 raining rain VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 3 realise ccomp 7 ? ? PUNCT _ 3 realise punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 realise past · do-support you tree rules 2 rain past · progressive it vn weather-57 «It V PP.theme»
Example 3 He realised his mistake and fixed it.
nsubj nmod:poss obj cc conj obj punct root He PRON realised VERB his PRON mistake NOUN and CCONJ fixed VERB it PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 realised nsubj 2 realised realise VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 4 mistake nmod:poss 4 mistake mistake NOUN Number=Sing 2 realised obj 5 and and CCONJ _ 6 fixed cc 6 fixed fix VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 2 realised conj 7 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 6 fixed obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 realised punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 realise past He his mistake tree rules 2 fix past He not said here mistake vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent it=Patient 3 mistake his = he nom mistake «act intransitive»: poss=agent
Example 4 She realised her dream of playing for the team.
nsubj nmod:poss obj mark acl case det obl punct root She PRON realised VERB her PRON dream NOUN of SCONJ playing VERB for ADP the DET team NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 realised nsubj 2 realised realise VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 4 dream nmod:poss 4 dream dream NOUN Number=Sing 2 realised obj 5 of of SCONJ _ 6 playing mark 6 playing play VERB VerbForm=Ger 4 dream acl 7 for for ADP _ 9 team case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 team det 9 team team NOUN Number=Sing 6 playing obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 realised punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 realise past She her dream tree rules 2 play gerund her dream not said here for the team vn use-105.1 «NP V NP PP.predicate»: agent=Agent for team=Eventuality 3 dream her = she nom dream «cognition transitive»: poss=agent
Example 5 They didn't realise how late it was.
nsubj aux advmod advmod advmod nsubj ccomp punct root They PRON did AUX n't PART realise VERB how ADV late ADV it PRON was VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 They they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 4 realise nsubj 2 did do AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 realise aux 3 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 4 realise advmod 4 realise realise VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 5 how how ADV PronType=Int 6 late advmod 6 late late ADV Degree=Pos 8 was advmod 7 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 was nsubj 8 was be VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 realise ccomp 9 . . PUNCT _ 4 realise punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not realise past · do-support They tree rules 2 be past it late property vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 6 When I checked my answer, I realised I had added instead of subtracted.
The tree, 13 words advmod nsubj advcl nmod:poss obj punct nsubj nsubj aux ccomp case fixed xcomp punct root When ADV I PRON checked VERB my PRON answer NOUN , PUNCT I PRON realised VERB I PRON had AUX added VERB instead ADV of ADP subtracted VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 When when ADV PronType=Int 3 checked advmod 2 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 3 checked nsubj 3 checked check VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 8 realised advcl 4 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 answer nmod:poss 5 answer answer NOUN Number=Sing 3 checked obj 6 , , PUNCT _ 3 checked punct 7 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 8 realised nsubj 8 realised realise VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 9 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 11 added nsubj 10 had have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 11 added aux 11 added add VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part 8 realised ccomp 12 instead instead ADV ExtPos=ADP 14 subtracted case 13 of of ADP _ 12 instead fixed 14 subtracted subtract VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 11 added xcomp 15 . . PUNCT _ 8 realised punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 check past I my answer vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent answer=Theme 2 realise past I tree rules 3 add speech: assert past · perfect I vn say-37.7-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 4 subtract participle I not said here vn multiply-108-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 5 answer my nom answer «communication transitive»: poss=agent
Example 7 Then they realised that the sign would not help them at all.
advmod nsubj mark det nsubj aux advmod ccomp obj case obl punct root Then ADV they PRON realised VERB that SCONJ the DET sign NOUN would AUX not PART help VERB them PRON at ADP all DET . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Then then ADV PronType=Dem 3 realised advmod 2 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 realised nsubj 3 realised realise VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 that that SCONJ _ 9 help mark 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 sign det 6 sign sign NOUN Number=Sing 9 help nsubj 7 would would AUX VerbForm=Fin 9 help aux 8 not not PART Polarity=Neg 9 help advmod 9 help help VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 realised ccomp 10 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 9 help obj 11 at at ADP _ 12 all case 12 all all DET PronType=Tot 9 help obl 13 . . PUNCT _ 3 realised punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 realise past they then tree rules 2 not help would the sign them = they all vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Beneficiary
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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