1 Chronicles 12:20 דִּבְרֵי הַיָּמִים א

Who acts: some, David, Philistines, lords · What happens: fall away, come, battle, not help, send away, say · To what, where: David, Saul, peace · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is 1 Chronicles 12:20 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — some, David, Philistines, lords — and what happens in the verse to David, Saul, peace, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 29 chapters of 1 Chronicles on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וּמִֽמְּנַשֶּׁ֞ה נָפְל֣וּ עַל־דָּוִ֗יד בְּבֹא֨וֹ עִם־פְּלִשְׁתִּ֧ים עַל־שָׁא֛וּל לַמִּלְחָמָ֖ה וְלֹ֣א עֲזָרֻ֑ם כִּ֣י בְעֵצָ֗ה שִׁלְּחֻ֜הוּ סַרְנֵ֤י פְלִשְׁתִּים֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר בְּרָאשֵׁ֕ינוּ יִפּ֖וֹל אֶל־אֲדֹנָ֥יו שָׁאֽוּל׃

Of Manasseh also there fell away some to David, when he came with the Philistines against Saul to battle, but they helped them not; for the lords of the Philistines upon advisement sent him away, saying: 'He will fall away to his master Saul to the jeopardy of our heads.'

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	4 נָפְל֣וּ	cc	and
2	מִֽ	מִן	ADP	_	3 מְּנַשֶּׁ֞ה	case	some
3	מְּנַשֶּׁ֞ה	מְנַשֶּׁה	PROPN	_	4 נָפְל֣וּ	nsubj	of Manasseh
4	נָפְל֣וּ	נָפַל	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	root	root	they fell
5	עַל־	עַל	ADP	_	6 דָּוִ֗יד	case	on
6	דָּוִ֗יד	דָּוִד	PROPN	_	4 נָפְל֣וּ	obl	David
7	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	8 בֹא	case	when
8	בֹא	בּוֹא	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	4 נָפְל֣וּ	advcl	went
9	֨וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 בֹא	nsubj	he
10	עִם־	עִם	ADP	_	11 פְּלִשְׁתִּ֧ים	case	with
11	פְּלִשְׁתִּ֧ים	פְּלִשְׁתִּי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	8 בֹא	obl	[the] Philistines
12	עַל־	עַל	ADP	_	13 שָׁא֛וּל	case	on
13	שָׁא֛וּל	שָׁאוּל	PROPN	_	8 בֹא	obl	Saul
14	לַ	לְ	ADP	_	16 מִּלְחָמָ֖ה	case	for
15	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	16 מִּלְחָמָ֖ה	det	(the)
16	מִּלְחָמָ֖ה	מִלְחָמָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	8 בֹא	obl	battle
17	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	19 עֲזָרֻ֑	cc	and
18	לֹ֣א	לֹא	ADV	_	19 עֲזָרֻ֑	advmod	not
19	עֲזָרֻ֑	עָזַר	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	4 נָפְל֣וּ	conj	they
20	ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	19 עֲזָרֻ֑	obj	helped them
21	כִּ֣י	כִּי	SCONJ	_	24 שִׁלְּחֻ֜	mark	(dm)
22	בְ	בְּ	ADP	_	23 עֵצָ֗ה	case	by
23	עֵצָ֗ה	עֵצָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	24 שִׁלְּחֻ֜	obl	plan
24	שִׁלְּחֻ֜	שָׁלַח	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Plur Person=3	4 נָפְל֣וּ	advcl	they
25	הוּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	24 שִׁלְּחֻ֜	obj	sent him away
26	סַרְנֵ֤י	סֶרֶן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	24 שִׁלְּחֻ֜	nsubj	the rulers
27	פְלִשְׁתִּים֙	פְּלִשְׁתִּי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	26 סַרְנֵ֤י	compound:smixut	of [the] Philistines
28	לֵ	לְ	ADP	ExtPos=SCONJ	33 יִפּ֖וֹל	mark	(cmp)
29	אמֹ֔ר	אָמַר	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	28 לֵ	fixed
30	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	31 רָאשֵׁ֕י	case	by
31	רָאשֵׁ֕י	רֹאשׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	33 יִפּ֖וֹל	obl	heads
32	נוּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	31 רָאשֵׁ֕י	nmod:poss	our
33	יִפּ֖וֹל	נָפַל	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	24 שִׁלְּחֻ֜	advcl	he will fall
34	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	35 אֲדֹנָ֥י	case	to
35	אֲדֹנָ֥י	אָדוֹן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	33 יִפּ֖וֹל	obl	lord(s)
36	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	35 אֲדֹנָ֥י	nmod:poss	his
37	שָׁאֽוּל	שָׁאוּל	PROPN	_	35 אֲדֹנָ֥י	appos	Saul
38	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	37 שָׁאֽוּל	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: yes
the frame alone: decl · assert · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
נָפְלוּ they fell	qatal · qal	מְּנַשֶּׁה of Manasseh
בֹא went	infinitive construct · qal	וֹ he
not עֲזָרֻ they	qatal · qal	דָּוִיד David + מְּנַשֶּׁה of Manasseh	ם helped them
שִׁלְּחֻ they	qatal · piel	סַרְנֵי the rulers	הוּ sent him away
אמֹר	infinitive construct · qal	סַרְנֵי the rulers
יִפּוֹל he will fall	yiqtol · qal	דָּוִיד David

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Of Manasseh also there fell away some to David, when he came with the Philistines against Saul to battle, but they helped them not; for the lords of the Philistines upon advisement sent him away, saying: 'He will fall away to his master Saul to the jeopardy of our heads.'

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:1CH:487.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH.12.20/