2 Chronicles 20:15 דִּבְרֵי הַיָּמִים ב

Who acts: spirit, ye, LORD, reason, battle · What happens: say, hearken, not fear, dismay, not be · To what, where: yours · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is 2 Chronicles 20:15 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — spirit, ye, LORD, reason, battle — and what happens in the verse to yours, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 36 chapters of 2 Chronicles on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיֹּ֗אמֶר הַקְשִׁ֤יבוּ כָל־יְהוּדָה֙ וְיֹשְׁבֵ֣י יְרוּשָׁלִַ֔ם וְהַמֶּ֖לֶךְ יְהוֹשָׁפָ֑ט כֹּֽה־אָמַ֨ר יְהוָ֜ה לָכֶ֗ם אַ֠תֶּם אַל־תִּֽירְא֤וּ וְאַל־תֵּחַ֙תּוּ֙ מִפְּנֵ֨י הֶהָמ֤וֹן הָרָב֙ הַזֶּ֔ה כִּ֣י לֹ֥א לָכֶ֛ם הַמִּלְחָמָ֖ה כִּ֥י לֵאלֹהִֽים׃

and he said: 'Hearken ye, all Judah, and ye inhabitants of Jerusalem, and thou king Jehoshaphat: thus saith the LORD unto you: Fear not ye, neither be dismayed by reason of this great multitude; for the battle is not yours, but God's.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יֹּ֗אמֶר	cc	and
2	יֹּ֗אמֶר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he said
3	הַקְשִׁ֤יבוּ	קָשַׁב	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Plur Person=2	2 יֹּ֗אמֶר	ccomp	pay attention
4	כָל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	3 הַקְשִׁ֤יבוּ	parataxis	O all
5	יְהוּדָה֙	יְהוּדָה	PROPN	_	4 כָל־	compound:smixut	Judah
6	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	7 יֹשְׁבֵ֣י	cc	and
7	יֹשְׁבֵ֣י	יָשַׁב	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur	4 כָל־	conj	the inhabitants
8	יְרוּשָׁלִַ֔ם	יְרוּשָׁלִַ͏ם	PROPN	_	7 יֹשְׁבֵ֣י	compound:smixut	of Jerusalem
9	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	11 מֶּ֖לֶךְ	cc	and
10	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	11 מֶּ֖לֶךְ	det	the
11	מֶּ֖לֶךְ	מֶלֶךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	4 כָל־	conj	king
12	יְהוֹשָׁפָ֑ט	יְהוֹשָׁפָט	PROPN	_	11 מֶּ֖לֶךְ	appos	Jehoshaphat
13	כֹּֽה־	כֹּה	ADV	_	14 אָמַ֨ר	advmod	thus
14	אָמַ֨ר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	3 הַקְשִׁ֤יבוּ	parataxis	he says
15	יְהוָ֜ה	יהוה	PROPN	_	14 אָמַ֨ר	nsubj	Yahweh
16	ל	לְ	ADP	_	17 ָכֶ֗ם	case	to
17	ָכֶ֗ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs	14 אָמַ֨ר	obl	you
18	אַ֠תֶּם	אַתֶּם	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs	20 תִּֽירְא֤וּ	nsubj	you
19	אַל־	אַל	ADV	_	20 תִּֽירְא֤וּ	advmod	do not
20	תִּֽירְא֤וּ	יָרֵא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=2	14 אָמַ֨ר	ccomp	be afraid
21	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	23 תֵּחַ֙תּוּ֙	cc	and
22	אַל־	אַל	ADV	_	23 תֵּחַ֙תּוּ֙	advmod	do not
23	תֵּחַ֙תּוּ֙	חָתַת	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Plur Person=2	20 תִּֽירְא֤וּ	conj	be dismayed
24	מִ	מִן	ADP	_	25 פְּנֵ֨י	case	because
25	פְּנֵ֨י	פָּנֶה	NOUN	Number=Plur	23 תֵּחַ֙תּוּ֙	obl	of
26	הֶ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	27 הָמ֤וֹן	det	the
27	הָמ֤וֹן	הָמוֹן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	25 פְּנֵ֨י	compound:smixut	multitude
28	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	29 רָב֙	det	(the)
29	רָב֙	רַב	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	27 הָמ֤וֹן	amod	great
30	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	31 זֶּ֔ה	det	(the)
31	זֶּ֔ה	זֶה	DET	Gender=Masc Number=Sing PronType=Dem	27 הָמ֤וֹן	det	this
32	כִּ֣י	כִּי	SCONJ	_	35 ָכֶ֛ם	mark	(dm)
33	לֹ֥א	לֹא	ADV	_	35 ָכֶ֛ם	advmod	not
34	ל	לְ	ADP	_	35 ָכֶ֛ם	case	[belongs] to
35	ָכֶ֛ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs	20 תִּֽירְא֤וּ	advcl	you
36	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	37 מִּלְחָמָ֖ה	det	the
37	מִּלְחָמָ֖ה	מִלְחָמָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	35 ָכֶ֛ם	nsubj	battle
38	כִּ֥י	כִּי	SCONJ	_	40 אלֹהִֽים	mark	(dm)
39	לֵ	לְ	ADP	_	40 אלֹהִֽים	case	to
40	אלֹהִֽים	אֱלֹהִים	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	20 תִּֽירְא֤וּ	advcl	God
41	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	40 אלֹהִֽים	punct

Pragmatics

form: command
act: request
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: yes
the frame alone: decl · narrate · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)
יֹּאמֶר he said	wayyiqtol · qal
הַקְשִׁיבוּ pay attention	imperative · hiphil	יְהוּדָה Judah + יֹשְׁבֵי the inhabitants + מֶּלֶךְ king
אָמַר he says	qatal · qal	יְהוָה Yahweh
not תִּֽירְאוּ be afraid	jussive · qal	אַתֶּם you
not תֵּחַתּוּ be dismayed	jussive · niphal	יְהוּדָה Judah + יֹשְׁבֵי the inhabitants + מֶּלֶךְ king

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

and he said: 'Hearken ye, all Judah, and ye inhabitants of Jerusalem, and thou king Jehoshaphat: thus saith the LORD unto you: Fear not ye, neither be dismayed by reason of this great multitude; for the battle is not yours, but God's.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:2CH:407.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH.20.15/