Daniel 3:28 דָּנִיֵּאל
Who acts: Nebuchadnezzar, God, servants, gods, king · What happens: speak, say, be, send, deliver, trust · To what, where: angel, servants, word, bodies, god · Speech: someone speaks in this verse
This is Daniel 3:28 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Biblical Aramaic as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Aramaic — and its pragmatics: who acts — Nebuchadnezzar, God, servants, gods, king — and what happens in the verse to angel, servants, word, bodies, god, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 12 chapters of Daniel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.
עָנֵ֨ה נְבֽוּכַדְנֶצַּ֜ר וְאָמַ֗ר בְּרִ֤יךְ אֱלָהֲהוֹן֙ דִּֽי־שַׁדְרַ֤ךְ מֵישַׁךְ֙ וַעֲבֵ֣ד נְג֔וֹ עֲבֵ֣ד נְג֔וֹ דִּֽי־שְׁלַ֤ח מַלְאֲכֵהּ֙ וְשֵׁיזִ֣ב לְעַבְד֔וֹהִי דִּ֥י הִתְרְחִ֖צוּ עֲל֑וֹהִי וּמִלַּ֤ת מַלְכָּא֙ שַׁנִּ֔יו וִיהַ֣בוּ גֶשְׁמְה֗וֹןדִּ֠י לָֽא־יִפְלְח֤וּן וְלָֽא־יִסְגְּדוּן֙ לְכָל־אֱלָ֔הּ לָהֵ֖ן לֵאלָֽהֲהֽוֹן׃
The tree
This verse is in Biblical Aramaic, as the book has it here; its tree is MACULA's Aramaic tree. Right to left, as it is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation | gloss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | עָנֵ֨ה | עֲנָה | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PEAL Number=Sing | root | root | [was] replying |
| 2 | נְבֽוּכַדְנֶצַּ֜ר | נְבוּכַדְנֶצַּר | PROPN | _ | 1 עָנֵ֨ה | nsubj | Nebuchadnezzar |
| 3 | וְ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 4 אָמַ֗ר | cc | and |
| 4 | אָמַ֗ר | אֲמַר | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PEAL Number=Sing | 1 עָנֵ֨ה | conj | [he was] saying |
| 5 | בְּרִ֤יךְ | בְּרַךְ | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PEIL Number=Sing | 1 עָנֵ֨ה | ccomp | [be] blessed |
| 6 | אֱלָה | אֱלָהּ | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 5 בְּרִ֤יךְ | nsubj | God |
| 7 | ֲהוֹן֙ | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 אֱלָה | nmod:poss | their |
| 8 | דִּֽי־ | דִּי | SCONJ | _ | 9 שַׁדְרַ֤ךְ | mark | (diy) of |
| 9 | שַׁדְרַ֤ךְ | שַׁדְרַךְ | PROPN | _ | 6 אֱלָה | acl:relcl | Shadrach |
| 10 | מֵישַׁךְ֙ | מֵישַׁךְ | PROPN | _ | 9 שַׁדְרַ֤ךְ | conj | Meshach |
| 11 | וַ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 12 עֲבֵ֣ד | cc | |
| 12 | עֲבֵ֣ד | עֲבֵד | PROPN | _ | 9 שַׁדְרַ֤ךְ | conj | and Abednego |
| 13 | נְג֔וֹ | נְגוֹ | PROPN | _ | 12 עֲבֵ֣ד | flat:name | |
| 14 | עֲבֵ֣ד | עֲבֵד | PROPN | _ | 9 שַׁדְרַ֤ךְ | conj | and Abednego |
| 15 | נְג֔וֹ | נְגוֹ | PROPN | _ | 14 עֲבֵ֣ד | flat:name | |
| 16 | דִּֽי־ | דִּי | SCONJ | _ | 17 שְׁלַ֤ח | mark | who |
| 17 | שְׁלַ֤ח | שְׁלַח | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PEAL Number=Sing Person=3 | 6 אֱלָה | acl:relcl | he has sent |
| 18 | מַלְאֲכ | מַלְאַךְ | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 17 שְׁלַ֤ח | obj | angel |
| 19 | ֵהּ֙ | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 18 מַלְאֲכ | nmod:poss | his |
| 20 | וְ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 21 שֵׁיזִ֣ב | cc | and |
| 21 | שֵׁיזִ֣ב | יזב | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=SHAPHEL Number=Sing Person=3 | 17 שְׁלַ֤ח | conj | he has delivered |
| 22 | לְ | לְ | ADP | _ | 23 עַבְד֔וֹ | case | (et) |
| 23 | עַבְד֔וֹ | עֲבַד | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Plur | 21 שֵׁיזִ֣ב | obl | servants |
| 24 | הִי | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 23 עַבְד֔וֹ | nmod:poss | his |
| 25 | דִּ֥י | דִּי | SCONJ | _ | 26 הִתְרְחִ֖צוּ | mark | who |
| 26 | הִתְרְחִ֖צוּ | רְחַץ | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HITHPEEL Number=Plur Person=3 | 23 עַבְד֔וֹ | acl:relcl | they trusted |
| 27 | עֲל֑וֹ | עַל | ADP | _ | 28 הִי | case | on |
| 28 | הִי | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 26 הִתְרְחִ֖צוּ | obl | him |
| 29 | וּ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 33 שַׁנִּ֔יו | cc | and |
| 30 | מִלַּ֤ת | מִלָּה | NOUN | Gender=Fem Number=Sing | 33 שַׁנִּ֔יו | obj | the word |
| 31 | מַלְכּ | מֶלֶךְ | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 30 מִלַּ֤ת | compound:smixut | of |
| 32 | ָא֙ | א | DET | PronType=Art | 31 מַלְכּ | det | the king |
| 33 | שַׁנִּ֔יו | שׁנה | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PAEL Number=Plur Person=3 | 26 הִתְרְחִ֖צוּ | conj | they violated |
| 34 | וִ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 35 יהַ֣בוּ | cc | and |
| 35 | יהַ֣בוּ | יְהַב | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PEAL Number=Plur Person=3 | 26 הִתְרְחִ֖צוּ | conj | they gave |
| 36 | גֶשְׁמ | גְּשֵׁם | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 35 יהַ֣בוּ | obj | body |
| 37 | ְה֗וֹן | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 36 גֶשְׁמ | nmod:poss | their |
| 38 | דִּ֠י | דִּי | SCONJ | _ | 40 יִפְלְח֤וּן | mark | that |
| 39 | לָֽא־ | לָא | ADV | _ | 40 יִפְלְח֤וּן | advmod | not |
| 40 | יִפְלְח֤וּן | פְּלַח | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PEAL Number=Plur Person=3 | 26 הִתְרְחִ֖צוּ | parataxis | they will pay reverence |
| 41 | וְ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 43 יִסְגְּדוּן֙ | cc | and |
| 42 | לָֽא־ | לָא | ADV | _ | 43 יִסְגְּדוּן֙ | advmod | not |
| 43 | יִסְגְּדוּן֙ | סְגִד | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PEAL Number=Plur Person=3 | 40 יִפְלְח֤וּן | conj | they will pay homage |
| 44 | לְ | לְ | ADP | _ | 45 כָל־ | case | to |
| 45 | כָל־ | כֹּל | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 43 יִסְגְּדוּן֙ | obl | any |
| 46 | אֱלָ֔הּ | אֱלָהּ | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 45 כָל־ | compound:smixut | god |
| 47 | לָהֵ֖ן | לָהֵן | CCONJ | _ | 49 אלָֽה | cc | except |
| 48 | לֵ | לְ | ADP | _ | 49 אלָֽה | case | to |
| 49 | אלָֽה | אֱלָהּ | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 40 יִפְלְח֤וּן | parataxis | their own |
| 50 | ֲהֽוֹן | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 49 אלָֽה | nmod:poss | God |
| 51 | ׃ | ׃ | PUNCT | _ | 50 ֲהֽוֹן | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| עָנֵה [was] replying | participle active · peal | נְבֽוּכַדְנֶצַּר Nebuchadnezzar | |||
| אָמַר [he was] saying | participle active · peal | נְבֽוּכַדְנֶצַּר Nebuchadnezzar | |||
| בְּרִיךְ [be] blessed | participle passive · peil | אֱלָה God | |||
| שְׁלַח he has sent | qatal · peal | אֱלָה God | שְׁלַח he has sent | ||
| שֵׁיזִב he has delivered | qatal · shaphel | אֱלָה God | |||
| הִתְרְחִצוּ they trusted | qatal · hithpeel | שֵׁיזִב he has delivered | |||
| שַׁנִּיו they violated | qatal · pael | שֵׁיזִב he has delivered | הִי him | ||
| יהַבוּ they gave | qatal · peal | שֵׁיזִב he has delivered | |||
| יִפְלְחוּן they will pay reverence | yiqtol · peal | שֵׁיזִב he has delivered | |||
| יִסְגְּדוּן they will pay homage | yiqtol · peal | שֵׁיזִב he has delivered |
MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.
English, JPS 1917
Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.
Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.
English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).
Hebrew sentence wlc-arc:DAN:73.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.3.28/