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home / corpora / Tanakh / Ketuvim / Daniel / chapter 5 / 5:21

Daniel 5:21 דָּנִיֵּאל

Who acts: dwelling, body, God · What happens: drive, make, be, feed, know, rule · To what, where: God, heart, kingdom, whomsoever · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Daniel 5:21 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Biblical Aramaic as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Aramaic — and its pragmatics: who acts — dwelling, body, God — and what happens in the verse to God, heart, kingdom, whomsoever, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 12 chapters of Daniel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וּמִן־בְּנֵי֩ אֲנָשָׁ֨א טְרִ֜יד וְלִבְבֵ֣הּ ׀ עִם־חֵיוְתָ֣א שַׁוִּ֗יְווְעִם־עֲרָֽדַיָּא֙ מְדוֹרֵ֔הּ עִשְׂבָּ֤א כְתוֹרִין֙ יְטַ֣עֲמוּנֵּ֔הּ וּמִטַּ֥ל שְׁמַיָּ֖א גִּשְׁמֵ֣הּ יִצְטַבַּ֑ע עַ֣ד דִּֽי־יְדַ֗ע דִּֽי־שַׁלִּ֞יט אֱלָהָ֤א עִלָּאָה֙ בְּמַלְכ֣וּת אֲנָשָׁ֔א וּלְמַן־דִּ֥י יִצְבֵּ֖ה יְהָקֵ֥ים עֲלַֽהּ׃

and he was driven from the sons of men, and his heart was made like the beasts, and his dwelling was with the wild asses; he was fed with grass like oxen, and his body was wet with the dew of heaven; until he knew that God Most High ruleth in the kingdom of men, and that He setteth up over it whomsoever He will.

The tree

This verse is in Biblical Aramaic, as the book has it here; its tree is MACULA's Aramaic tree. Right to left, as it is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

cccaseoblcompound:smixutdetccnsubjnmod:posspunctcaseobldetconjcccaseconjdetnsubjnmod:possxcompdetcaseoblparataxisobjcccaseoblcompound:smixutdetnsubjnmod:possconjparataxismarkparataxismarkacl:relclnsubjdetamoddetcaseoblcompound:smixutdetcccaseoblmarkacl:relclconjcaseoblpunctrootוּCCONJandמִן־ADPaway fromבְּנֵיNOUNthe sonsאֲנָשׁNOUNof (the)ָאDEThumankindטְרִידVERBhe was chasedוְCCONJandלִבְבNOUNheartֵהּPRONhis׀PUNCTעִם־ADPwithחֵיוְתNOUNtheָאDETanimal[s]שַׁוִּיְוVERBthey madeוְCCONJand [was]עִם־ADPwithעֲרָֽדַיּNOUNthe wildָאDETdonkeysמְדוֹרNOUNhis dwellingֵהּPRONplaceעִשְׂבּNOUN(the)ָאDETgrassכְADPlikeתוֹרִיןNOUNoxenיְטַעֲמוּנּVERBtheyֵהּPRONfed himוּCCONJandמִADPfromטַּלNOUNthe dewשְׁמַיּNOUNofָאDETthe heavensגִּשְׁמNOUNbodyֵהּPRONhisיִצְטַבַּעVERBit became wetעַדADPuntilדִּֽי־SCONJthatיְדַעVERBhe knewדִּֽי־SCONJ(diy) thatשַׁלִּיטADJ[was] having masteryאֱלָהNOUN(the)ָאDETGodעִלָּאADJ(the) MostָהDETHighבְּADPoverמַלְכוּתNOUNthe kingdomאֲנָשׁNOUNof (the)ָאDEThumankindוּCCONJandלְADPtoמַן־PRONwhomeverדִּיSCONJwhomיִצְבֵּהVERBhe will be pleasedיְהָקֵיםVERBhe will appointעֲלADPoverַֽהּPRONit׃PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelationgloss
1וּוְCCONJ_6 טְרִ֜ידccand
2מִן־מִןADP_3 בְּנֵי֩caseaway from
3בְּנֵי֩בַּרNOUNGender=Masc Number=Plur6 טְרִ֜ידoblthe sons
4אֲנָשׁאֱנָשׁNOUNGender=Masc Number=Sing3 בְּנֵי֩compound:smixutof (the)
5ָ֨אאDETPronType=Art4 אֲנָשׁdethumankind
6טְרִ֜ידטְרַדVERBGender=Masc HebBinyan=PEIL Number=Sing Person=3rootroothe was chased
7וְוְCCONJ_14 שַׁוִּ֗יְוccand
8לִבְבלְבַבNOUNGender=Masc Number=Sing14 שַׁוִּ֗יְוnsubjheart
9ֵ֣הּהוּאPRONGender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs8 לִבְבnmod:posshis
10׀׀PUNCT_9 ֵ֣הּpunct
11עִם־עִםADP_12 חֵיוְתcasewith
12חֵיוְתחֵיוָהNOUNGender=Fem Number=Sing14 שַׁוִּ֗יְוoblthe
13ָ֣אאDETPronType=Art12 חֵיוְתdetanimal[s]
14שַׁוִּ֗יְושְׁוָהVERBGender=Masc HebBinyan=PEIL Number=Plur Person=36 טְרִ֜ידconjthey made
15וְוְCCONJ_17 עֲרָֽדַיּccand [was]
16עִם־עִםADP_17 עֲרָֽדַיּcasewith
17עֲרָֽדַיּעֲרָדNOUNGender=Masc Number=Plur6 טְרִ֜ידconjthe wild
18ָא֙אDETPronType=Art17 עֲרָֽדַיּdetdonkeys
19מְדוֹרמְדוֹרNOUNGender=Masc Number=Sing17 עֲרָֽדַיּnsubjhis dwelling
20ֵ֔הּהוּאPRONGender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs19 מְדוֹרnmod:possplace
21עִשְׂבּעֲשַׂבNOUNGender=Masc Number=Sing25 יְטַ֣עֲמוּנּxcomp(the)
22ָ֤אאDETPronType=Art21 עִשְׂבּdetgrass
23כְכְּADP_24 תוֹרִין֙caselike
24תוֹרִין֙תּוֹרNOUNGender=Masc Number=Plur25 יְטַ֣עֲמוּנּobloxen
25יְטַ֣עֲמוּנּטְעֵםVERBGender=Masc HebBinyan=PAEL Number=Plur Person=36 טְרִ֜ידparataxisthey
26ֵ֔הּהוּאPRONGender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs25 יְטַ֣עֲמוּנּobjfed him
27וּוְCCONJ_34 יִצְטַבַּ֑עccand
28מִמִןADP_29 טַּ֥לcasefrom
29טַּ֥לטַלNOUNGender=Masc Number=Sing34 יִצְטַבַּ֑עoblthe dew
30שְׁמַיּשָׁמַיִןNOUNGender=Masc Number=Plur29 טַּ֥לcompound:smixutof
31ָ֖אאDETPronType=Art30 שְׁמַיּdetthe heavens
32גִּשְׁמגְּשֵׁםNOUNGender=Masc Number=Sing34 יִצְטַבַּ֑עnsubjbody
33ֵ֣הּהוּאPRONGender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs32 גִּשְׁמnmod:posshis
34יִצְטַבַּ֑עצְבַעVERBGender=Masc HebBinyan=HITHPAAL Number=Sing Person=325 יְטַ֣עֲמוּנּconjit became wet
35עַ֣דעַדADP_25 יְטַ֣עֲמוּנּparataxisuntil
36דִּֽי־דִּיSCONJ_37 יְדַ֗עmarkthat
37יְדַ֗עיְדַעVERBGender=Masc HebBinyan=PEAL Number=Sing Person=335 עַ֣דparataxishe knew
38דִּֽי־דִּיSCONJ_39 שַׁלִּ֞יטmark(diy) that
39שַׁלִּ֞יטשַׁלִּיטADJGender=Masc Number=Sing37 יְדַ֗עacl:relcl[was] having mastery
40אֱלָהאֱלָהּNOUNGender=Masc Number=Sing39 שַׁלִּ֞יטnsubj(the)
41ָ֤אאDETPronType=Art40 אֱלָהdetGod
42עִלָּאעִלַּיADJGender=Masc Number=Sing40 אֱלָהamod(the) Most
43ָה֙הDETPronType=Art42 עִלָּאdetHigh
44בְּבְּADP_45 מַלְכ֣וּתcaseover
45מַלְכ֣וּתמַלְכוּNOUNGender=Fem Number=Sing39 שַׁלִּ֞יטoblthe kingdom
46אֲנָשׁאֱנָשׁNOUNGender=Masc Number=Sing45 מַלְכ֣וּתcompound:smixutof (the)
47ָ֔אאDETPronType=Art46 אֲנָשׁdethumankind
48וּוְCCONJ_53 יְהָקֵ֥יםccand
49לְלְADP_50 מַן־caseto
50מַן־מָןPRONGender=Com Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs53 יְהָקֵ֥יםoblwhomever
51דִּ֥ידִּיSCONJGender=Com Number=Sing Person=352 יִצְבֵּ֖הmarkwhom
52יִצְבֵּ֖הצבהVERBGender=Masc HebBinyan=PEAL Number=Sing Person=350 מַן־acl:relclhe will be pleased
53יְהָקֵ֥יםקוּםVERBGender=Masc HebBinyan=HAPHEL Number=Sing Person=339 שַׁלִּ֞יטconjhe will appoint
54עֲלעַלADP_55 ַֽהּcaseover
55ַֽהּהוּאPRONGender=Com Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs53 יְהָקֵ֥יםoblit
56׃׃PUNCT_55 ַֽהּpunct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

verbform · stemwho (A0)what, whom (A1)to whom, further (A2)who makes it happen (AA)
טְרִיד he was chasedqatal · peil
שַׁוִּיְו they madeqatal · peilלִבְב heart
יְטַעֲמוּנּ theyyiqtol · paelעִשְׂבּ (the)ֵהּ fed him
יִצְטַבַּע it became wetyiqtol · hithpaalגִּשְׁמ body
יְדַע he knewqatal · pealשַׁלִּיט [was] having mastery + יְהָקֵים he will appoint
יִצְבֵּה he will be pleasedyiqtol · pealאֱלָה (the)
יְהָקֵים he will appointyiqtol · haphelאֱלָה (the)

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

  1. and he was driven from the sons of men, and his heart was made like the beasts, and his dwelling was with the wild asses; he was fed with grass like oxen, and his body was wet with the dew of heaven; until he knew that God Most High ruleth in the kingdom of men, and that He setteth up over it whomsoever He will.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc-arc:DAN:133.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.5.21/