Daniel 8:10 דָּנִיֵּאל

Who acts: appearance · What happens: wax, cast down, trample · To what, where: some, ground

This is Daniel 8:10 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — appearance — and what happens in the verse to some, ground, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 12 chapters of Daniel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַתִּגְדַּ֖ל עַד־צְבָ֣א הַשָּׁמָ֑יִם וַתַּפֵּ֥ל אַ֛רְצָה מִן־הַצָּבָ֥א וּמִן־הַכּוֹכָבִ֖ים וַֽתִּרְמְסֵֽם׃

And it waxed great, even to the host of heaven; and some of the host and of the stars it cast down to the ground, and trampled upon them.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 תִּגְדַּ֖ל	cc	and
2	תִּגְדַּ֖ל	גָּדַל	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	it became great
3	עַד־	עַד	ADP	_	4 צְבָ֣א	case	to
4	צְבָ֣א	צָבָא	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 תִּגְדַּ֖ל	obl	the host
5	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	6 שָּׁמָ֑יִם	det	of
6	שָּׁמָ֑יִם	שָׁמַיִם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	4 צְבָ֣א	compound:smixut	the heavens
7	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	8 תַּפֵּ֥ל	cc	and
8	תַּפֵּ֥ל	נָפַל	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3	2 תִּגְדַּ֖ל	conj	it made fall
9	אַ֛רְצ	אֶרֶץ	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 תַּפֵּ֥ל	obl	ground
10	ָה	ה	X	_	9 אַ֛רְצ	nmod	to [the]
11	מִן־	מִן	ADP	_	13 צָּבָ֥א	case	some of
12	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	13 צָּבָ֥א	det	the
13	צָּבָ֥א	צָבָא	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 תַּפֵּ֥ל	obl	host
14	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	17 כּוֹכָבִ֖ים	cc	and
15	מִן־	מִן	ADP	_	17 כּוֹכָבִ֖ים	case	some of
16	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	17 כּוֹכָבִ֖ים	det	the
17	כּוֹכָבִ֖ים	כּוֹכָב	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	13 צָּבָ֥א	conj	stars
18	וַֽ	וְ	CCONJ	_	19 תִּרְמְס	cc	and
19	תִּרְמְס	רָמַס	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 תִּגְדַּ֖ל	conj	it
20	ֵֽם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	19 תִּרְמְס	obj	trampled them
21	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	20 ֵֽם	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	what, whom (A1)
תִּגְדַּל it became great	wayyiqtol · qal
תַּפֵּל it made fall	wayyiqtol · hiphil
תִּרְמְס it	wayyiqtol · qal	ֵֽם trampled them

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And it waxed great, even to the host of heaven; and some of the host and of the stars it cast down to the ground, and trampled upon them.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:DAN:33.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.8.10/