Daniel 8:4 דָּנִיֵּאל

Who acts: I, ram, beasts, any · What happens: see, push, stand, be, deliver, do · To what, where: ram, hand

This is Daniel 8:4 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — I, ram, beasts, any — and what happens in the verse to ram, hand, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 12 chapters of Daniel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

רָאִ֣יתִי אֶת־הָאַ֡יִל מְנַגֵּחַ֩ יָ֨מָּה וְצָפ֜וֹנָה וָנֶ֗גְבָּה וְכָל־חַיּוֹת֙ לֹֽא־יַֽעַמְד֣וּ לְפָנָ֔יו וְאֵ֥ין מַצִּ֖יל מִיָּד֑וֹ וְעָשָׂ֥ה כִרְצֹנ֖וֹ וְהִגְדִּֽיל׃

I saw the ram pushing westward, and northward, and southward; and no beasts could stand before him, neither was there any that could deliver out of his hand; but he did according to his will, and magnified himself.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	רָאִ֣יתִי	רָאָה	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=1	root	root	I saw
2	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	5 מְנַגֵּחַ֩	case	(et)
3	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	4 אַ֡יִל	det	the
4	אַ֡יִל	אַיִל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	5 מְנַגֵּחַ֩	nsubj	ram
5	מְנַגֵּחַ֩	נָגַח	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Sing	1 רָאִ֣יתִי	obj	goring
6	יָ֨מּ	יָם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	5 מְנַגֵּחַ֩	obl	westward
7	ָה	ה	X	_	6 יָ֨מּ	nmod
8	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	9 צָפ֜וֹנ	cc	and
9	צָפ֜וֹנ	צָפוֹן	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	6 יָ֨מּ	conj	northward
10	ָה	ה	X	_	9 צָפ֜וֹנ	nmod
11	וָ	וְ	CCONJ	_	12 נֶ֗גְבּ	cc	and
12	נֶ֗גְבּ	נֶגֶב	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	6 יָ֨מּ	conj	southward
13	ָה	ה	X	_	12 נֶ֗גְבּ	nmod
14	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	18 יַֽעַמְד֣וּ	cc	and
15	כָל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	18 יַֽעַמְד֣וּ	nsubj	any
16	חַיּוֹת֙	חַיָּה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Plur	15 כָל־	compound:smixut	living creatures
17	לֹֽא־	לֹא	ADV	_	18 יַֽעַמְד֣וּ	advmod	not
18	יַֽעַמְד֣וּ	עָמַד	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	1 רָאִ֣יתִי	conj	they stood
19	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	20 פָנָ֔י	case	before
20	פָנָ֔י	פָּנֶה	NOUN	Number=Plur	18 יַֽעַמְד֣וּ	obl
21	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	20 פָנָ֔י	nmod:poss	it
22	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	23 אֵ֥ין	cc	and
23	אֵ֥ין	אַיִן	ADV	_	1 רָאִ֣יתִי	conj	there [was] not
24	מַצִּ֖יל	נָצַל	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing	23 אֵ֥ין	nsubj	[one who] delivered
25	מִ	מִן	ADP	_	26 יָּד	case	from
26	יָּד	יָד	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 מַצִּ֖יל	obl	hand
27	֑וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	26 יָּד	nmod:poss	its
28	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	29 עָשָׂ֥ה	cc	and
29	עָשָׂ֥ה	עָשָׂה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	1 רָאִ֣יתִי	conj	it did
30	כִ	כְּ	ADP	_	31 רְצֹנ	case	according
31	רְצֹנ	רָצוֹן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	29 עָשָׂ֥ה	obl	to
32	֖וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	31 רְצֹנ	nmod:poss	its pleasure
33	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	34 הִגְדִּֽיל	cc	and
34	הִגְדִּֽיל	גָּדַל	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3	1 רָאִ֣יתִי	conj	it magnified itself
35	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	34 הִגְדִּֽיל	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: yes

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
not רָאִיתִי I saw	qatal · qal		מְנַגֵּחַ goring
מְנַגֵּחַ goring	participle active · piel	אַיִל ram
not יַֽעַמְדוּ they stood	yiqtol · qal	חַיּוֹת living creatures
עָשָׂה it did	weqatal · qal	אַיִל ram
הִגְדִּֽיל it magnified itself	weqatal · hiphil	אַיִל ram

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

I saw the ram pushing westward, and northward, and southward; and no beasts could stand before him, neither was there any that could deliver out of his hand; but he did according to his will, and magnified himself.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:DAN:27.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.8.4/