Ezra 10:13 עֶזְרָא

Who acts: people, voice, we, this · What happens: be, not be, stand, transgress · To what, where: time, work, matter

This is Ezra 10:13 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — people, voice, we, this — and what happens in the verse to time, work, matter, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 10 chapters of Ezra on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

אֲבָ֞ל הָעָ֥ם רָב֙ וְהָעֵ֣ת גְּשָׁמִ֔ים וְאֵ֥ין כֹּ֖חַ לַעֲמ֣וֹד בַּח֑וּץ וְהַמְּלָאכָ֗ה לֹֽא־לְי֤וֹם אֶחָד֙ וְלֹ֣א לִשְׁנַ֔יִם כִּֽי־הִרְבִּ֥ינוּ לִפְשֹׁ֖עַ בַּדָּבָ֥ר הַזֶּֽה׃

But the people are many, and it is a time of much rain, and we are not able to stand without, neither is this a work of one day or two; for we have greatly transgressed in this matter.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	אֲבָ֞ל	אֲבָל	ADV	_	4 רָב֙	advmod	but
2	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	3 עָ֥ם	det	the
3	עָ֥ם	עַם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	4 רָב֙	nsubj	people
4	רָב֙	רַב	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	root	root	[is] numerous
5	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	8 גְּשָׁמִ֔ים	cc	and
6	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	7 עֵ֣ת	det	the
7	עֵ֣ת	עֵת	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 גְּשָׁמִ֔ים	nsubj	time
8	גְּשָׁמִ֔ים	גֶּשֶׁם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	4 רָב֙	conj	[is] rains
9	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	10 אֵ֥ין	cc	and
10	אֵ֥ין	אַיִן	ADV	_	4 רָב֙	conj	there [is] not
11	כֹּ֖חַ	כֹּחַ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	10 אֵ֥ין	nsubj	ability
12	לַ	לְ	ADP	_	13 עֲמ֣וֹד	case	to
13	עֲמ֣וֹד	עָמַד	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	10 אֵ֥ין	advcl	stand
14	בַּ	בְּ	ADP	_	16 ח֑וּץ	case	on
15	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	16 ח֑וּץ	det	the
16	ח֑וּץ	חוּץ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	13 עֲמ֣וֹד	obl	outside
17	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	22 י֤וֹם	cc	and
18	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	19 מְּלָאכָ֗ה	det	the
19	מְּלָאכָ֗ה	מְלָאכָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	22 י֤וֹם	nsubj	business
20	לֹֽא־	לֹא	ADV	_	22 י֤וֹם	advmod	not
21	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	22 י֤וֹם	case	[belongs] to
22	י֤וֹם	יוֹם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	4 רָב֙	conj	a day
23	אֶחָד֙	אֶחָד	NUM	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	22 י֤וֹם	nummod	one
24	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	27 שְׁנַ֔יִם	cc	and
25	לֹ֣א	לֹא	ADV	_	27 שְׁנַ֔יִם	advmod	not
26	לִ	לְ	ADP	_	27 שְׁנַ֔יִם	case	[belongs] to
27	שְׁנַ֔יִם	שְׁנַיִם	NUM	Gender=Masc Number=Dual	22 י֤וֹם	conj	two [days]
28	כִּֽי־	כִּי	SCONJ	_	29 הִרְבִּ֥ינוּ	mark	(dm)
29	הִרְבִּ֥ינוּ	רָבָה	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Plur Person=1	4 רָב֙	advcl	we have increased
30	לִ	לְ	ADP	_	31 פְשֹׁ֖עַ	case	to
31	פְשֹׁ֖עַ	פָּשַׁע	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	29 הִרְבִּ֥ינוּ	advcl	transgress
32	בַּ	בְּ	ADP	_	34 דָּבָ֥ר	case	in
33	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	34 דָּבָ֥ר	det	the
34	דָּבָ֥ר	דָּבָר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	31 פְשֹׁ֖עַ	obl	matter
35	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	36 זֶּֽה	det	(the)
36	זֶּֽה	זֶה	DET	Gender=Masc Number=Sing PronType=Dem	34 דָּבָ֥ר	det	this
37	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	36 זֶּֽה	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: yes

verb	form · stem	who (A0)
עֲמוֹד stand	infinitive construct · qal	עָם people
הִרְבִּינוּ we have increased	qatal · hiphil	עָם people
פְשֹׁעַ transgress	infinitive construct · qal	עָם people

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

But the people are many, and it is a time of much rain, and we are not able to stand without, neither is this a work of one day or two; for we have greatly transgressed in this matter.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:EZR:181.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EZR.10.13/