Job 2:12 אִיּוֹב

Who acts: friends · What happens: lift up, not know, weep, rend, throw · To what, where: eyes, Job, voice, one, dust, heads

This is Job 2:12 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — friends — and what happens in the verse to eyes, Job, voice, one, dust, heads, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 42 chapters of Job on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיִּשְׂא֨וּ אֶת־עֵינֵיהֶ֤ם מֵרָחוֹק֙ וְלֹ֣א הִכִּירֻ֔הוּ וַיִּשְׂא֥וּ קוֹלָ֖ם וַיִּבְכּ֑וּ וַֽיִּקְרְעוּ֙ אִ֣ישׁ מְעִל֔וֹ וַיִּזְרְק֥וּ עָפָ֛ר עַל־רָאשֵׁיהֶ֖ם הַשָּׁמָֽיְמָה׃

And when they lifted up their eyes afar off, and knew him not, they lifted up their voice, and wept; and they rent every one his mantle, and threw dust upon their heads toward heaven.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יִּשְׂא֨וּ	cc	and
2	יִּשְׂא֨וּ	נָשָׂא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	root	root	they lifted up
3	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	4 עֵינֵי	case	(et)
4	עֵינֵי	עַיִן	NOUN	Number=Dual	2 יִּשְׂא֨וּ	obj	eyes
5	הֶ֤ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 עֵינֵי	nmod:poss	their
6	מֵ	מִן	ADP	_	7 רָחוֹק֙	case	from
7	רָחוֹק֙	רָחֹוק	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 יִּשְׂא֨וּ	obl	a distance
8	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	10 הִכִּירֻ֔	cc	and
9	לֹ֣א	לֹא	ADV	_	10 הִכִּירֻ֔	advmod	not
10	הִכִּירֻ֔	נָכַר	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יִּשְׂא֨וּ	conj	they
11	הוּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 הִכִּירֻ֔	obj	recognized him
12	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	13 יִּשְׂא֥וּ	cc	and
13	יִּשְׂא֥וּ	נָשָׂא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יִּשְׂא֨וּ	conj	they lifted up
14	קוֹל	קוֹל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	13 יִּשְׂא֥וּ	obj	voice
15	ָ֖ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 קוֹל	nmod:poss	their
16	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	17 יִּבְכּ֑וּ	cc	and
17	יִּבְכּ֑וּ	בָּכָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	13 יִּשְׂא֥וּ	conj	they wept
18	וַֽ	וְ	CCONJ	_	19 יִּקְרְעוּ֙	cc	and
19	יִּקְרְעוּ֙	קָרַע	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יִּשְׂא֨וּ	conj	they tore
20	אִ֣ישׁ	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	19 יִּקְרְעוּ֙	obl	each one
21	מְעִל	מְעִיל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	19 יִּקְרְעוּ֙	obj	robe
22	֔וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	21 מְעִל	nmod:poss	his
23	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	24 יִּזְרְק֥וּ	cc	and
24	יִּזְרְק֥וּ	זָרַק	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יִּשְׂא֨וּ	conj	they sprinkled
25	עָפָ֛ר	עָפָר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	24 יִּזְרְק֥וּ	obj	dust
26	עַל־	עַל	ADP	_	27 רָאשֵׁי	case	on
27	רָאשֵׁי	רֹאשׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	24 יִּזְרְק֥וּ	obl	heads
28	הֶ֖ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	27 רָאשֵׁי	nmod:poss	their
29	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	30 שָּׁמָֽיְמ	det	towards
30	שָּׁמָֽיְמ	שָׁמַיִם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	24 יִּזְרְק֥וּ	obl	the
31	ָה	ה	X	_	30 שָּׁמָֽיְמ	nmod	heavens
32	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	31 ָה	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: yes

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יִּשְׂאוּ they lifted up	wayyiqtol · qal		עֵינֵי eyes
not הִכִּירֻ they	qatal · hiphil	הוּ recognized him
יִּשְׂאוּ they lifted up	wayyiqtol · qal		קוֹל voice
יִּבְכּוּ they wept	wayyiqtol · qal
יִּקְרְעוּ they tore	wayyiqtol · qal		מְעִל robe
יִּזְרְקוּ they sprinkled	wayyiqtol · qal		עָפָר dust

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

The Targum

וּזְקָפוּ יַת עֵינֵיהוֹן מִן רָחִיק וְלָא אִשְׁתְּמוֹדָעוּהִי וַאֲרִימוּ קָלְהוֹן וּבְכוֹ וּבְזַעוּ גְבַר מְעִילֵיהּ וּדְרָקוּן עַפְרָא עַל רֵישֵׁיהוֹן לְצֵית שְׁמַיָא:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And when they lifted up their eyes afar off, and knew him not, they lifted up their voice, and wept; and they rent every one his mantle, and threw dust upon their heads toward heaven.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:JOB:33.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB.2.12/