Lamentations 1:22 אֵיכָה

Who acts: wickedness, Thou, sighs, heart, my · What happens: let, come, do, be, transgress, sigh · To what, where: Thee

This is Lamentations 1:22 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — wickedness, Thou, sighs, heart, my — and what happens in the verse to Thee, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 5 chapters of Lamentations on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

תָּבֹ֨א כָל־רָעָתָ֤ם לְפָנֶ֙יךָ֙ וְעוֹלֵ֣ל לָ֔מוֹ כַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר עוֹלַ֛לְתָּ לִ֖י עַ֣ל כָּל־פְּשָׁעָ֑י כִּֽי־רַבּ֥וֹת אַנְחֹתַ֖י וְלִבִּ֥י דַוָּֽי׃פ

Let all their wickedness come before Thee; and do unto them, as Thou hast done unto me for all my transgressions; for my sighs are many and my heart is faint.'

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	תָּבֹ֨א	בּוֹא	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	may it come
2	כָל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	1 תָּבֹ֨א	nsubj	all
3	רָעָת	רָעָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	2 כָל־	compound:smixut	wickedness
4	ָ֤ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 רָעָת	nmod:poss	their
5	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	6 פָנֶ֙י	case	before
6	פָנֶ֙י	פָּנֶה	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 תָּבֹ֨א	obl
7	ךָ֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	6 פָנֶ֙י	nmod:poss	you
8	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	9 עוֹלֵ֣ל	cc	and
9	עוֹלֵ֣ל	עָלַל	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=POEL Number=Sing Person=2	1 תָּבֹ֨א	conj	deal severely
10	לָ֔	לְ	ADP	_	11 מוֹ	case	to
11	מוֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 עוֹלֵ֣ל	obl	them
12	כַּ	כְּ	ADP	_	9 עוֹלֵ֣ל	obl	just
13	אֲשֶׁ֥ר	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	14 עוֹלַ֛לְתָּ	mark	as
14	עוֹלַ֛לְתָּ	עָלַל	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=POEL Number=Sing Person=2	12 כַּ	acl:relcl	you have dealt severely
15	ל	לְ	ADP	_	16 ִ֖י	case	to
16	ִ֖י	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	14 עוֹלַ֛לְתָּ	obl	me
17	עַ֣ל	עַל	ADP	_	18 כָּל־	case	on
18	כָּל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	14 עוֹלַ֛לְתָּ	obl	all
19	פְּשָׁע	פֶּשַׁע	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	18 כָּל־	compound:smixut	transgressions
20	ָ֑י	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	19 פְּשָׁע	nmod:poss	my
21	כִּֽי־	כִּי	SCONJ	_	22 רַבּ֥וֹת	mark	(dm)
22	רַבּ֥וֹת	רַב	ADJ	Gender=Fem Number=Plur	1 תָּבֹ֨א	advcl	[are] many
23	אַנְחֹת	אֲנָחָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Plur	22 רַבּ֥וֹת	nsubj	groaning(s)
24	ַ֖י	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	23 אַנְחֹת	nmod:poss	my
25	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	28 דַוָּֽי	cc	and
26	לִבּ	לֵב	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	28 דַוָּֽי	nsubj	heart
27	ִ֥י	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	26 לִבּ	nmod:poss	my
28	דַוָּֽי	דַּוָּי	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	1 תָּבֹ֨א	conj	[is] faint
29	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	28 דַוָּֽי	punct
30	פ	פ	PUNCT	_	28 דַוָּֽי	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: request
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)
תָּבֹא may it come	yiqtol · qal	רָעָת wickedness
עוֹלֵל deal severely	imperative · poel
עוֹלַלְתָּ you have dealt severely	qatal · poel

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

The Targum

תֵּיעוּל לְיוֹם דִינָא רַבָּא כָּל בִּישַׁתְהוֹן דִּי אַבְאִישׁוּ לִי קֳדָמָךְ וְתִסְתָּקַף לְהוֹן הֵיכְמָא דְאִסְתְּקַפְתָּא עָלַי עַל כָּל סְגִיאוּת מְרוֹדִי אֲרוּם סַגִּיאוּ אַנְחָתַי וְלִבִּי חַלִּישׁ:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Let all their wickedness come before Thee; and do unto them, as Thou hast done unto me for all my transgressions; for my sighs are many and my heart is faint.'

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:LAM:21.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/LAM.1.22/