Psalms 143:3 תְּהִלִּים

Who acts: enemy, me · What happens: persecute, crush down, make, dwell, be · To what, where: soul, life, me, darkness

This is Psalms 143:3 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — enemy, me — and what happens in the verse to soul, life, me, darkness, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 150 chapters of Psalms on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

כִּ֥י רָ֘דַ֤ף אוֹיֵ֨ב ׀ נַפְשִׁ֗י דִּכָּ֣א לָ֭אָרֶץ חַיָּתִ֑י הוֹשִׁיבַ֥נִי בְ֝מַחֲשַׁכִּ֗ים כְּמֵתֵ֥י עוֹלָֽם׃

For the enemy hath persecuted my soul; he hath crushed my life down to the ground; he hath made me to dwell in darkness, as those that have been long dead.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	כִּ֥י	כִּי	SCONJ	_	2 רָ֘דַ֤ף	mark	(dm)
2	רָ֘דַ֤ף	רָדַף	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he has pursued
3	אוֹיֵ֨ב	אָיַב	NOUN	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	2 רָ֘דַ֤ף	nsubj	an enemy
4	׀	׀	PUNCT	_	3 אוֹיֵ֨ב	punct
5	נַפְשׁ	נֶפֶשׁ	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 רָ֘דַ֤ף	obj	self
6	ִ֗י	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	5 נַפְשׁ	nmod:poss	my
7	דִּכָּ֣א	דָּכָא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Sing Person=3	2 רָ֘דַ֤ף	parataxis	he has crushed
8	לָ֭	לְ	ADP	_	10 אָרֶץ	case	to
9	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	10 אָרֶץ	det	the
10	אָרֶץ	אֶרֶץ	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 דִּכָּ֣א	obl	ground
11	חַיָּת	חַיָּה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	7 דִּכָּ֣א	obj	life
12	ִ֑י	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	11 חַיָּת	nmod:poss	my
13	הוֹשִׁיב	יָשַׁב	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3	2 רָ֘דַ֤ף	parataxis	he
14	ַ֥נִי	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	13 הוֹשִׁיב	obj	has caused me to dwell
15	בְ֝	בְּ	ADP	_	16 מַחֲשַׁכִּ֗ים	case	in
16	מַחֲשַׁכִּ֗ים	מַחְשָׁךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	13 הוֹשִׁיב	obl	dark places
17	כְּ	כְּ	ADP	_	18 מֵתֵ֥י	case	like
18	מֵתֵ֥י	מוּת	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur	13 הוֹשִׁיב	advcl	dead [people]
19	עוֹלָֽם	עוֹלָם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	18 מֵתֵ֥י	compound:smixut	of antiquity
20	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	19 עוֹלָֽם	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	who makes it happen (AA)
רָדַף he has pursued	qatal · qal	אוֹיֵב an enemy	נַפְשׁ self
דִּכָּא he has crushed	qatal · piel	אוֹיֵב an enemy	חַיָּת life
הוֹשִׁיב he	qatal · hiphil	ַנִי has caused me to dwell		אוֹיֵב an enemy

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

The Targum

אֲרוּם רָדֵף בְּעֵל דְבָבָא נַפְשִׁי דִכְדֵךְ לְאַרְעָא חַיָתִי אוֹתְבַנִי בַּחֲשׁוֹכַיָא הֵיךְ שְׁכִיבֵי עַלְמָא הָדֵין:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

For the enemy hath persecuted my soul; he hath crushed my life down to the ground; he hath made me to dwell in darkness, as those that have been long dead.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:PSA:2422.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.143.3/