2 Chronicles 18:31 · JPS 1917

And it came to pass, when the captains of the chariots saw Jehoshaphat, that they said: 'It is the king of Israel.' Therefore they turned about to fight against him; but Jehoshaphat cried out, and the LORD helped him; and God moved them to depart from him.

Who acts: small, captains, Jehoshaphat, LORD, God · What happens: come, pass, see, say, be, turn about · To what, where: Jehoshaphat, king, captains · Speech: someone speaks here

This is 2 Chronicles 18:31 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (small, captains, Jehoshaphat, LORD), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	And	and	CCONJ	_	3 came	cc
2	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 came	nsubj
3	came	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	to	to	PART	_	5 pass	mark
5	pass	pass	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 came	xcomp
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 saw	punct
7	when	when	SCONJ	_	13 saw	mark
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 captains	det
9	captains	captain	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 saw	nsubj
10	of	of	ADP	_	12 chariots	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 chariots	det
12	chariots	chariot	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 captains	nmod
13	saw	see	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 came	advcl
14	Jehoshaphat	Jehoshaphat	PROPN	Number=Sing	13 saw	obj
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 said	punct
16	that	that	SCONJ	_	18 said	mark
17	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	18 said	nsubj
18	said	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	13 saw	ccomp
19	:	:	PUNCT	_	24 king	punct
20	'	'	PUNCT	_	24 king	punct
21	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	24 king	nsubj
22	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	24 king	cop
23	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	24 king	det
24	king	king	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 said	ccomp
25	of	of	ADP	_	26 Israel	case
26	Israel	Israel	PROPN	Number=Sing	24 king	nmod
27	.	.	PUNCT	_	24 king	punct
28	'	'	PUNCT	_	24 king	punct
29	Therefore	therefore	ADV	_	31 turned	advmod
30	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	31 turned	nsubj
31	turned	turn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 came	conj
32	about	about	ADP	_	31 turned	compound:prt
33	to	to	PART	_	34 fight	mark
34	fight	fight	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	31 turned	xcomp
35	against	against	ADP	_	36 him	case
36	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	34 fight	obl
37	;	;	PUNCT	_	40 cried	punct
38	but	but	CCONJ	_	40 cried	cc
39	Jehoshaphat	Jehoshaphat	PROPN	Number=Sing	40 cried	nsubj
40	cried	cry	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 came	conj
41	out	out	ADV	_	40 cried	advmod
42	,	,	PUNCT	_	46 helped	punct
43	and	and	CCONJ	_	46 helped	cc
44	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	45 LORD	det
45	LORD	LORD	PROPN	Number=Sing	46 helped	nsubj
46	helped	help	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	40 cried	conj
47	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	46 helped	obj
48	;	;	PUNCT	_	51 moved	punct
49	and	and	CCONJ	_	51 moved	cc
50	God	God	PROPN	Number=Sing	51 moved	nsubj
51	moved	move	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 came	conj
52	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	51 moved	obj
53	to	to	PART	_	54 depart	mark
54	depart	depart	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	51 moved	xcomp
55	from	from	ADP	_	56 him	case
56	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	54 depart	obl
57	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 came	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	other	roles by
1	come	past	small				tree rules
2	pass	to-infinitive	small not said here				vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	see	past	the captains of the chariots	Jehoshaphat			tree rules
4	say speech: assert	past	captains = captain				vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
5	is a	present	small	the king		of Israel	tree rules
6	turn about	past	captains = captain			therefore property	tree rules
7	fight	to-infinitive	captains = captain not said here			against king	vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
8	cry out speech: express	past	Jehoshaphat			out property	vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent
9	help	past	the LORD		king		vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Beneficiary
10	move	past	God	captains = captain			tree rules
11	depart	to-infinitive	God not said here			from king	vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from he=Initial_Location

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The Hebrew of this verse

וַיְהִ֡י כִּרְאוֹת֩ שָׂרֵ֨י הָרֶ֜כֶב אֶת־יְהוֹשָׁפָ֗ט וְהֵ֤מָּה אָֽמְרוּ֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ יִשְׂרָאֵ֣ל ה֔וּא וַיָּסֹ֥בּוּ עָלָ֖יו לְהִלָּחֵ֑ם וַיִּזְעַ֤ק יְהֽוֹשָׁפָט֙ וַֽיהוָ֣ה עֲזָר֔וֹ וַיְסִיתֵ֥ם אֱלֹהִ֖ים מִמֶּֽנּוּ׃

2 Chronicles 18:31: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics →

Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:2CH:402 of Mova's parse database.

The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/2CH.402/