Daniel 3:27 · JPS 1917
And the satraps, the prefects, and the governors, and the king's ministers, being gathered together, saw these men, that the fire had no power upon their bodies, nor was the hair of their head singed, neither were their cloaks changed, nor had the smell of fire passed on them.
Who acts: satraps, fire, smell · What happens: gather, see, have, singe, change, pass · To what, where: men, power, hair, cloaks · Speech: someone speaks here
This is Daniel 3:27 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (satraps, fire, smell), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 saw | cc |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 satraps | det |
| 3 | satraps | satrap | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 saw | nsubj |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 prefects | punct |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 prefects | det |
| 6 | prefects | prefect | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 satraps | conj |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 governors | punct |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 governors | cc |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 governors | det |
| 10 | governors | governor | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 satraps | conj |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 ministers | punct |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 ministers | cc |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 king | det |
| 14 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 ministers | nmod:poss |
| 15 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 14 king | case |
| 16 | ministers | minister | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 satraps | conj |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 gathered | punct |
| 18 | being | be | AUX | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 19 gathered | aux:pass |
| 19 | gathered | gather | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 22 saw | advcl |
| 20 | together | together | ADV | _ | 19 gathered | advmod |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 saw | punct |
| 22 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 23 | these | this | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 24 men | det |
| 24 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 saw | obj |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 had | punct |
| 26 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 29 had | mark |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 fire | det |
| 28 | fire | fire | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 had | nsubj |
| 29 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 22 saw | ccomp |
| 30 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 31 power | det |
| 31 | power | power | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 had | obj |
| 32 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 34 bodies | case |
| 33 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 34 bodies | nmod:poss |
| 34 | bodies | body | NOUN | Number=Plur | 31 power | nmod |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 43 singed | punct |
| 36 | nor | nor | CCONJ | Polarity=Neg | 43 singed | cc |
| 37 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 43 singed | aux:pass |
| 38 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 39 hair | det |
| 39 | hair | hair | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 singed | nsubj:pass |
| 40 | of | of | ADP | _ | 42 head | case |
| 41 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 42 head | nmod:poss |
| 42 | head | head | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 hair | nmod |
| 43 | singed | singe | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 29 had | conj |
| 44 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 49 changed | punct |
| 45 | neither | neither | CCONJ | Polarity=Neg | 49 changed | cc |
| 46 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 49 changed | aux:pass |
| 47 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 48 cloaks | nmod:poss |
| 48 | cloaks | cloak | NOUN | Number=Plur | 49 changed | nsubj:pass |
| 49 | changed | change | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 29 had | conj |
| 50 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 52 had | punct |
| 51 | nor | nor | CCONJ | Polarity=Neg | 52 had | cc |
| 52 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 29 had | conj |
| 53 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 54 smell | det |
| 54 | smell | smell | NOUN | Number=Sing | 57 passed | nsubj |
| 55 | of | of | ADP | _ | 56 fire | case |
| 56 | fire | fire | NOUN | Number=Sing | 54 smell | nmod |
| 57 | passed | pass | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 52 had | xcomp |
| 58 | on | on | ADP | _ | 59 them | case |
| 59 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 57 passed | obl |
| 60 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 22 saw | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | gather | gerund · passive | the satraps and the prefects and the governors and the king's ministers not said here | together property | vn herd-47.5.2 «NP V» | ||||
| 2 | see | past | the satraps and the prefects and the governors and the king's ministers | this men | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | have | past | the fire | no power | upon ministers's bodies | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent power=Patient | |||
| 4 | singe | past · passive | the hair of ministers's head | vn remedy-45.7 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient | |||||
| 5 | change | past · passive | ministers's cloaks | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | |||||
| 6 | pass | participle | the smell of fire | on ministers = minister | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme on they=Location | ||||
| 7 | smell | fire | nom smell «cognition intransitive»: of=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Aramaic of this verse
וּ֠מִֽתְכַּנְּשִׁין אֲחַשְׁדַּרְפְּנַיָּ֞א סִגְנַיָּ֣א וּפַחֲוָתָא֮ וְהַדָּבְרֵ֣י מַלְכָּא֒ חָזַ֣יִן לְגֻבְרַיָּ֣א אִלֵּ֡ךְ דִּי֩ לָֽא־שְׁלֵ֨ט נוּרָ֜א בְּגֶשְׁמְה֗וֹן וּשְׂעַ֤ר רֵֽאשְׁהוֹן֙ לָ֣א הִתְחָרַ֔ךְ וְסָרְבָּלֵיה֖וֹן לָ֣א שְׁנ֑וֹ וְרֵ֣יחַ נ֔וּר לָ֥א עֲדָ֖ת בְּהֽוֹן׃
Daniel 3:27: the Aramaic tree, its pragmatics →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:DAN:101 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/DAN.101/