Daniel 6:25 · JPS 1917
And the king commanded, and they brought those men that had accused Daniel, and they cast them into the den of lions, them, their children, and their wives; and they had not come to the bottom of the den, when the lions had the mastery of them, and broke all their bones in pieces.
Who acts: king, lions, men · What happens: command, bring, accuse, cast, not come, have · To what, where: men, Daniel, den, bottom, mastery, bones · Speech: someone speaks here
This is Daniel 6:25 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (king, lions, men), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 4 commanded | cc |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 king | det |
| 3 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 commanded | nsubj |
| 4 | commanded | command | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 brought | punct |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 brought | cc |
| 7 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 brought | nsubj |
| 8 | brought | bring | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 commanded | conj |
| 9 | those | that | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 10 men | det |
| 10 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 brought | obj |
| 11 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 13 accused | nsubj |
| 12 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 accused | aux |
| 13 | accused | accuse | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 10 men | acl:relcl |
| 14 | Daniel | Daniel | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 accused | obj |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 cast | punct |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 cast | cc |
| 17 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 18 cast | nsubj |
| 18 | cast | cast | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 commanded | conj |
| 19 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 18 cast | obj |
| 20 | into | into | ADP | _ | 22 den | case |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 den | det |
| 22 | den | den | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 cast | obl |
| 23 | of | of | ADP | _ | 24 lions | case |
| 24 | lions | lion | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 den | nmod |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 them | punct |
| 26 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 them | conj |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 children | punct |
| 28 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 29 children | nmod:poss |
| 29 | children | child | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 them | conj |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 wives | punct |
| 31 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 33 wives | cc |
| 32 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 33 wives | nmod:poss |
| 33 | wives | wife | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 them | conj |
| 34 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 39 come | punct |
| 35 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 39 come | cc |
| 36 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 39 come | nsubj |
| 37 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 39 come | aux |
| 38 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 39 come | advmod |
| 39 | come | come | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 4 commanded | conj |
| 40 | to | to | ADP | _ | 42 bottom | case |
| 41 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 42 bottom | det |
| 42 | bottom | bottom | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 come | obl |
| 43 | of | of | ADP | _ | 45 den | case |
| 44 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 45 den | det |
| 45 | den | den | NOUN | Number=Sing | 42 bottom | nmod |
| 46 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 50 had | punct |
| 47 | when | when | SCONJ | _ | 50 had | mark |
| 48 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 49 lions | det |
| 49 | lions | lion | NOUN | Number=Plur | 50 had | nsubj |
| 50 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 39 come | advcl |
| 51 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 52 mastery | det |
| 52 | mastery | mastery | NOUN | Number=Sing | 50 had | obj |
| 53 | of | of | ADP | _ | 54 them | case |
| 54 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 52 mastery | nmod |
| 55 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 57 broke | punct |
| 56 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 57 broke | cc |
| 57 | broke | break | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 50 had | conj |
| 58 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 60 bones | det:predet |
| 59 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 60 bones | nmod:poss |
| 60 | bones | bone | NOUN | Number=Plur | 57 broke | obj |
| 61 | in | in | ADP | _ | 62 pieces | case |
| 62 | pieces | piece | NOUN | Number=Plur | 57 broke | obl |
| 63 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 commanded | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- narrate
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | command | past | the king | vn supervision-95.2.2-1 «NP V NP.predicate»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | bring | past | lions = lion | that men | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument man=Destination | ||||
| 3 | accuse | past · perfect | that men | Daniel | vn suspect-81 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Agent daniel=Theme | ||||
| 4 | cast | past | lions = lion | men = man | the den of lions | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP.material PP.product»: agent=Agent they=Material into den=Product | |||
| 5 | not come | past · perfect | lions = lion | the bottom of the den | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to bottom=Initial_Location | ||||
| 6 | have | past | the lions | the mastery of men | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mastery=Patient | ||||
| 7 | break | past | the lions not said here | lions's bones | pieces | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer bone=Patient | |||
| 8 | master | men = man | nom mastery «cognition transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Aramaic of this verse
וַאֲמַ֣ר מַלְכָּ֗א וְהַיְתִ֞יו גֻּבְרַיָּ֤א אִלֵּךְ֙ דִּֽי־אֲכַ֤לוּ קַרְצ֙וֹהִי֙ דִּ֣י דָֽנִיֵּ֔אל וּלְגֹ֤ב אַרְיָוָתָא֙ רְמ֔וֹ אִנּ֖וּן בְּנֵיה֣וֹן וּנְשֵׁיה֑וֹן וְלָֽא־מְט֞וֹ לְאַרְעִ֣ית גֻּבָּ֗א עַ֠ד דִּֽי־שְׁלִ֤טֽוּ בְהוֹן֙ אַרְיָ֣וָתָ֔א וְכָל־גַּרְמֵיה֖וֹן הַדִּֽקוּ׃
Daniel 6:25: the Aramaic tree, its pragmatics →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:DAN:203 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/DAN.203/