Daniel 2:40 · JPS 1917

And the fourth kingdom shall be strong as iron; forasmuch as iron breaketh in pieces and beateth down all things; and as iron that crusheth all these, shall it break in pieces and crush.

Who acts: fourth kingdom, iron · What happens: be, break, beat down, crush · To what, where: pieces, things, these

This is Daniel 2:40 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (fourth kingdom, iron), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	And	and	CCONJ	_	7 strong	cc
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 kingdom	det
3	fourth	fourth	ADJ	Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	4 kingdom	amod
4	kingdom	kingdom	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 strong	nsubj
5	shall	shall	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	7 strong	aux
6	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	7 strong	cop
7	strong	strong	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
8	as	as	ADP	_	9 iron	case
9	iron	iron	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 strong	obl
10	;	;	PUNCT	_	14 breaketh	punct
11	forasmuch	forasmuch	SCONJ	_	14 breaketh	mark
12	as	as	ADP	_	11 forasmuch	fixed
13	iron	iron	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 breaketh	nsubj
14	breaketh	break	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 strong	advcl
15	in	in	ADP	_	16 pieces	case
16	pieces	piece	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 breaketh	obl
17	and	and	CCONJ	_	18 beateth	cc
18	beateth	beat	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 breaketh	conj
19	down	down	ADP	_	18 beateth	compound:prt
20	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	21 things	det
21	things	thing	NOUN	Number=Plur	18 beateth	obj
22	;	;	PUNCT	_	33 break	punct
23	and	and	CCONJ	_	33 break	cc
24	as	as	ADP	_	25 iron	case
25	iron	iron	NOUN	Number=Sing	32 it	nmod
26	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	27 crusheth	nsubj
27	crusheth	crush	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	25 iron	acl:relcl
28	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	29 these	det:predet
29	these	this	PRON	Number=Plur PronType=Dem	27 crusheth	obj
30	,	,	PUNCT	_	27 crusheth	punct
31	shall	shall	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	33 break	aux
32	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	33 break	nsubj
33	break	break	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	7 strong	conj
34	in	in	ADP	_	35 pieces	case
35	pieces	piece	NOUN	Number=Plur	33 break	obl
36	and	and	CCONJ	_	37 crush	cc
37	crush	crush	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	33 break	conj
38	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 strong	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: pos
teacher: changed act=assert

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	is	shall	the fourth kingdom			as iron; strong property	tree rules
2	break	present	iron		pieces		vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in piece=Location
3	beat down	present	iron not said here	all things			vn sound_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location thing=Theme
4	crush	present	iron	these			vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent this=Patient
5	break	shall	iron		pieces		vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in piece=Location
6	crush	infinitive	iron not said here				vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The Aramaic of this verse

וּמַלְכוּ֙ רְבִ֣יעָאָ֔ה תֶּהֱוֵ֥א תַקִּיפָ֖ה כְּפַרְזְלָ֑א כָּל־קֳבֵ֗ל דִּ֤י פַרְזְלָא֙ מְהַדֵּ֤ק וְחָשֵׁל֙ כֹּ֔לָּא וּֽכְפַרְזְלָ֛א דִּֽי־מְרָעַ֥ע כָּל־אִלֵּ֖ין תַּדִּ֥ק וְתֵרֹֽעַ׃

Daniel 2:40: the Aramaic tree, its pragmatics →

Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:DAN:64 of Mova's parse database.

The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/DAN.64/