Daniel 2:41 · JPS 1917
And whereas thou sawest the feet and toes, part of potters' clay, and part of iron, it shall be a divided kingdom; but there shall be in it of the firmness of the iron, forasmuch as thou sawest the iron mixed with miry clay.
Who acts: thou, iron, firmness · What happens: see, be, mix · To what, where: feet, divided kingdom, iron
This is Daniel 2:41 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (thou, iron, firmness), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 26 kingdom | cc |
| 2 | whereas | whereas | SCONJ | _ | 4 sawest | mark |
| 3 | thou | thou | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 4 sawest | nsubj |
| 4 | sawest | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Style=Arch Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 26 kingdom | advcl |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 feet | det |
| 6 | feet | foot | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 sawest | obj |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 toes | cc |
| 8 | toes | toe | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 feet | conj |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 part | punct |
| 10 | part | part | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 feet | appos |
| 11 | of | of | ADP | _ | 14 clay | case |
| 12 | potters | potter | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 clay | nmod:poss |
| 13 | ' | 's | PART | _ | 12 potters | case |
| 14 | clay | clay | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 part | nmod |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 part | punct |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 part | cc |
| 17 | part | part | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 feet | conj |
| 18 | of | of | ADP | _ | 19 iron | case |
| 19 | iron | iron | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 part | nmod |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 kingdom | punct |
| 21 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 26 kingdom | nsubj |
| 22 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 26 kingdom | aux |
| 23 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 26 kingdom | cop |
| 24 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 26 kingdom | det |
| 25 | divided | divide | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 kingdom | amod |
| 26 | kingdom | kingdom | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 27 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 31 be | punct |
| 28 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 31 be | cc |
| 29 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 31 be | expl |
| 30 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 31 be | aux |
| 31 | be | be | VERB | Mood=Ind VerbForm=Fin | 26 kingdom | conj |
| 32 | in | in | ADP | _ | 33 it | case |
| 33 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 31 be | obl |
| 34 | of | of | ADP | _ | 36 firmness | case |
| 35 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 36 firmness | det |
| 36 | firmness | firmness | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 be | nsubj |
| 37 | of | of | ADP | _ | 39 iron | case |
| 38 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 39 iron | det |
| 39 | iron | iron | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 firmness | nmod |
| 40 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 44 sawest | punct |
| 41 | forasmuch | forasmuch | SCONJ | _ | 44 sawest | mark |
| 42 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 41 forasmuch | fixed |
| 43 | thou | thou | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 44 sawest | nsubj |
| 44 | sawest | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Style=Arch Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 31 be | advcl |
| 45 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 46 iron | det |
| 46 | iron | iron | NOUN | Number=Sing | 44 sawest | obj |
| 47 | mixed | mix | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 46 iron | acl |
| 48 | with | with | ADP | _ | 50 clay | case |
| 49 | miry | miry | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 50 clay | amod |
| 50 | clay | clay | NOUN | Number=Sing | 47 mixed | obl |
| 51 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 26 kingdom | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed polarity=none
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | see | past | thou | the feet and toes and part of iron | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer foot=Stimulus | ||||
| 2 | is a | shall | iron | a divided kingdom | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | be | shall | the firmness of the iron | iron; there | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in it=Location | ||||
| 4 | see | past | thou | the iron | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer iron=Stimulus | ||||
| 5 | mix | participle | the iron not said here | with miry clay | vn mix-22.1-1-1 «NP V PP.co-patient»: agent=Patient with clay=Co-Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Aramaic of this verse
וְדִֽי־חֲזַ֜יְתָה רַגְלַיָּ֣א וְאֶצְבְּעָתָ֗א מִנְּהֵ֞ןחֲסַ֤ף דִּֽי־פֶחָר֙ וּמִנְּהֵ֣ין פַּרְזֶ֔ל מַלְכ֤וּ פְלִיגָה֙ תֶּהֱוֵ֔ה וּמִן־נִצְבְּתָ֥א דִ֥י פַרְזְלָ֖א לֶֽהֱוֵא־בַ֑הּ כָּל־קֳבֵל֙ דִּ֣י חֲזַ֔יְתָה פַּ֨רְזְלָ֔א מְעָרַ֖ב בַּחֲסַ֥ף טִינָֽא׃
Daniel 2:41: the Aramaic tree, its pragmatics →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:DAN:65 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/DAN.65/